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  • OTTAVIANO, ITALY - 25 JULY 2019: The machine processing flexible polyurethan with film foaming and that produces fenders for Jeep Renegade is seen here at Adler Group in Ottaviano, Italy, on July 25th 2019.<br />
<br />
Adler-Pelzer Group is an Italian manufacturing Group, and a worldwide leader in the design, development and manufacturing of components and systems for the transportation industry. Founded in 1956 in Ottaviano (Naples), today is the largest producer in Italy and the second in the world of systems for acoustic, thermal comfort and interior design for vehicles in the automotive, aerospace and railway industries. <br />
<br />
Italian manufacturer Adler-Pelzer Group had secured an order worth 2.6 million euros to make parts for military aircraft.That spelled 250 new jobs at its factory outside Naples, the heart of perpetually struggling southern Italy.<br />
“It was a great opportunity,” says Adler-Pelzer Group chairman Paolo Scudieri.<br />
But early this year, alarmed by the intensifying political chaos gripping Italy, Mr. Scudieri’s company shifted the order to a factory in Poland. He was disturbed by what he portrays as the anti-business proclivities of the populists suddenly running the country. He was concerned by the government’s collision with the European Union over its spending plans.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190725_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • OTTAVIANO, ITALY - 25 JULY 2019: Paolo Scudieri, a member of the board of Confindustria, Italy’s most powerful business association, and chairman of the Adler-Pelzer Group, poses for a portrait at the Adler-Group offices in Ottaviano, Italy, on July 25th 2019.<br />
<br />
Adler-Pelzer Group is an Italian manufacturing Group, and a worldwide leader in the design, development and manufacturing of components and systems for the transportation industry. Founded in 1956 in Ottaviano (Naples), today is the largest producer in Italy and the second in the world of systems for acoustic, thermal comfort and interior design for vehicles in the automotive, aerospace and railway industries. <br />
<br />
Italian manufacturer Adler-Pelzer Group had secured an order worth 2.6 million euros to make parts for military aircraft.That spelled 250 new jobs at its factory outside Naples, the heart of perpetually struggling southern Italy.<br />
“It was a great opportunity,” says Adler-Pelzer Group chairman Paolo Scudieri.<br />
But early this year, alarmed by the intensifying political chaos gripping Italy, Mr. Scudieri’s company shifted the order to a factory in Poland. He was disturbed by what he portrays as the anti-business proclivities of the populists suddenly running the country. He was concerned by the government’s collision with the European Union over its spending plans.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190725_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: (L-R, from front to back) Maria Cinque (a volunteer and resident of Montesanto), Luigi Prodomo (54, unemployed), Antonio Pastore (45, unemployed) and Maria Pandolfi (54, unemployed) gather at the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • AVELLINO, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Sabino Basso, owner of the olive oil bottling company Basso, poses for a portrait in Avellino, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Sabino Basso, the owner of the plant, has halted plans to hire 30 more people at the olive oil bottling plant started more than a century ago by his great-grandfather.<br />
Mr. Basso’s company buys olive oil from growers in Italy, Spain and Greece, exporting 80 percent of its wares to countries around the globe — especially the United States, where Wal-Mart is a major customer. He had wanted to hire to boost marketing and online sales.<br />
But then Five Star tightened legal requirements for companies that hire workers on temporary contracts, effectively limiting stints to one year. The change was aimed at forcing businesses to hire permanent workers.<br />
Mr. Basso was aghast. All but five of his 100 workers are permanent, he says. The others are apprentices.<br />
“In order to understand if I want to keep people their whole lives, I have to test them,” he says. The new rules did not allow him sufficient time. “I just stopped hiring.”<br />
His sales in Italy have dipped four percent this year, a trend he blames on the noisy reality show that is Italian politics.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • AVELLINO, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Olive oil bottles are seen here at Basso, an oil bottling company in Avellino, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Sabino Basso, the owner of the plant, has halted plans to hire 30 more people at the olive oil bottling plant started more than a century ago by his great-grandfather.<br />
Mr. Basso’s company buys olive oil from growers in Italy, Spain and Greece, exporting 80 percent of its wares to countries around the globe — especially the United States, where Wal-Mart is a major customer. He had wanted to hire to boost marketing and online sales.<br />
But then Five Star tightened legal requirements for companies that hire workers on temporary contracts, effectively limiting stints to one year. The change was aimed at forcing businesses to hire permanent workers.<br />
Mr. Basso was aghast. All but five of his 100 workers are permanent, he says. The others are apprentices.<br />
“In order to understand if I want to keep people their whole lives, I have to test them,” he says. The new rules did not allow him sufficient time. “I just stopped hiring.”<br />
His sales in Italy have dipped four percent this year, a trend he blames on the noisy reality show that is Italian politics.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • OTTAVIANO, ITALY - 25 JULY 2019: Paolo Scudieri, a member of the board of Confindustria, Italy’s most powerful business association, and chairman of the Adler-Pelzer Group, poses for a portrait at the Adler-Group offices in Ottaviano, Italy, on July 25th 2019.<br />
<br />
Adler-Pelzer Group is an Italian manufacturing Group, and a worldwide leader in the design, development and manufacturing of components and systems for the transportation industry. Founded in 1956 in Ottaviano (Naples), today is the largest producer in Italy and the second in the world of systems for acoustic, thermal comfort and interior design for vehicles in the automotive, aerospace and railway industries. <br />
<br />
Italian manufacturer Adler-Pelzer Group had secured an order worth 2.6 million euros to make parts for military aircraft.That spelled 250 new jobs at its factory outside Naples, the heart of perpetually struggling southern Italy.<br />
“It was a great opportunity,” says Adler-Pelzer Group chairman Paolo Scudieri.<br />
But early this year, alarmed by the intensifying political chaos gripping Italy, Mr. Scudieri’s company shifted the order to a factory in Poland. He was disturbed by what he portrays as the anti-business proclivities of the populists suddenly running the country. He was concerned by the government’s collision with the European Union over its spending plans.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190725_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • OTTAVIANO, ITALY - 25 JULY 2019: A workers is seen here  processing flexible polyurethan foaminge and producing rear seat paddings for Fiat Panda, at Adler Group in Ottaviano, Italy, on July 25th 2019.<br />
<br />
Adler-Pelzer Group is an Italian manufacturing Group, and a worldwide leader in the design, development and manufacturing of components and systems for the transportation industry. Founded in 1956 in Ottaviano (Naples), today is the largest producer in Italy and the second in the world of systems for acoustic, thermal comfort and interior design for vehicles in the automotive, aerospace and railway industries. <br />
<br />
Italian manufacturer Adler-Pelzer Group had secured an order worth 2.6 million euros to make parts for military aircraft.That spelled 250 new jobs at its factory outside Naples, the heart of perpetually struggling southern Italy.<br />
“It was a great opportunity,” says Adler-Pelzer Group chairman Paolo Scudieri.<br />
But early this year, alarmed by the intensifying political chaos gripping Italy, Mr. Scudieri’s company shifted the order to a factory in Poland. He was disturbed by what he portrays as the anti-business proclivities of the populists suddenly running the country. He was concerned by the government’s collision with the European Union over its spending plans.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190725_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: Members of the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization rally against unemployment and undeclared work in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • AVELLINO, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: A worker is seen here at Basso, an olive oil bottling company in Avellino, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Sabino Basso, the owner of the plant, has halted plans to hire 30 more people at the olive oil bottling plant started more than a century ago by his great-grandfather.<br />
Mr. Basso’s company buys olive oil from growers in Italy, Spain and Greece, exporting 80 percent of its wares to countries around the globe — especially the United States, where Wal-Mart is a major customer. He had wanted to hire to boost marketing and online sales.<br />
But then Five Star tightened legal requirements for companies that hire workers on temporary contracts, effectively limiting stints to one year. The change was aimed at forcing businesses to hire permanent workers.<br />
Mr. Basso was aghast. All but five of his 100 workers are permanent, he says. The others are apprentices.<br />
“In order to understand if I want to keep people their whole lives, I have to test them,” he says. The new rules did not allow him sufficient time. “I just stopped hiring.”<br />
His sales in Italy have dipped four percent this year, a trend he blames on the noisy reality show that is Italian politics.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • OTTAVIANO, ITALY - 25 JULY 2019: Paolo Scudieri (center), a member of the board of Confindustria, Italy’s most powerful business association, and chairman of the Adler-Pelzer Group, tests an electric go-kart in Ottaviano, Italy, on July 25th 2019.<br />
<br />
Adler-Pelzer Group is an Italian manufacturing Group, and a worldwide leader in the design, development and manufacturing of components and systems for the transportation industry. Founded in 1956 in Ottaviano (Naples), today is the largest producer in Italy and the second in the world of systems for acoustic, thermal comfort and interior design for vehicles in the automotive, aerospace and railway industries. <br />
<br />
Italian manufacturer Adler-Pelzer Group had secured an order worth 2.6 million euros to make parts for military aircraft.That spelled 250 new jobs at its factory outside Naples, the heart of perpetually struggling southern Italy.<br />
“It was a great opportunity,” says Adler-Pelzer Group chairman Paolo Scudieri.<br />
But early this year, alarmed by the intensifying political chaos gripping Italy, Mr. Scudieri’s company shifted the order to a factory in Poland. He was disturbed by what he portrays as the anti-business proclivities of the populists suddenly running the country. He was concerned by the government’s collision with the European Union over its spending plans.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190725_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • OTTAVIANO, ITALY - 25 JULY 2019: Paolo Scudieri, a member of the board of Confindustria, Italy’s most powerful business association, and chairman of the Adler-Pelzer Group, poses for a portrait at the Adler-Group offices in Ottaviano, Italy, on July 25th 2019.<br />
<br />
Adler-Pelzer Group is an Italian manufacturing Group, and a worldwide leader in the design, development and manufacturing of components and systems for the transportation industry. Founded in 1956 in Ottaviano (Naples), today is the largest producer in Italy and the second in the world of systems for acoustic, thermal comfort and interior design for vehicles in the automotive, aerospace and railway industries. <br />
<br />
Italian manufacturer Adler-Pelzer Group had secured an order worth 2.6 million euros to make parts for military aircraft.That spelled 250 new jobs at its factory outside Naples, the heart of perpetually struggling southern Italy.<br />
“It was a great opportunity,” says Adler-Pelzer Group chairman Paolo Scudieri.<br />
But early this year, alarmed by the intensifying political chaos gripping Italy, Mr. Scudieri’s company shifted the order to a factory in Poland. He was disturbed by what he portrays as the anti-business proclivities of the populists suddenly running the country. He was concerned by the government’s collision with the European Union over its spending plans.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190725_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • OTTAVIANO, ITALY - 25 JULY 2019: Paolo Scudieri, a member of the board of Confindustria, Italy’s most powerful business association, and chairman of the Adler-Pelzer Group, poses for a portrait at the Adler-Group offices in Ottaviano, Italy, on July 25th 2019.<br />
<br />
Adler-Pelzer Group is an Italian manufacturing Group, and a worldwide leader in the design, development and manufacturing of components and systems for the transportation industry. Founded in 1956 in Ottaviano (Naples), today is the largest producer in Italy and the second in the world of systems for acoustic, thermal comfort and interior design for vehicles in the automotive, aerospace and railway industries. <br />
<br />
Italian manufacturer Adler-Pelzer Group had secured an order worth 2.6 million euros to make parts for military aircraft.That spelled 250 new jobs at its factory outside Naples, the heart of perpetually struggling southern Italy.<br />
“It was a great opportunity,” says Adler-Pelzer Group chairman Paolo Scudieri.<br />
But early this year, alarmed by the intensifying political chaos gripping Italy, Mr. Scudieri’s company shifted the order to a factory in Poland. He was disturbed by what he portrays as the anti-business proclivities of the populists suddenly running the country. He was concerned by the government’s collision with the European Union over its spending plans.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190725_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • OTTAVIANO, ITALY - 25 JULY 2019: Workers are seen here at a machine processing polyurethan with skill foaming and that produces anti rattle pads for Jeep Renegade, at Adler Group in Ottaviano, Italy, on July 25th 2019.<br />
<br />
Adler-Pelzer Group is an Italian manufacturing Group, and a worldwide leader in the design, development and manufacturing of components and systems for the transportation industry. Founded in 1956 in Ottaviano (Naples), today is the largest producer in Italy and the second in the world of systems for acoustic, thermal comfort and interior design for vehicles in the automotive, aerospace and railway industries. <br />
<br />
Italian manufacturer Adler-Pelzer Group had secured an order worth 2.6 million euros to make parts for military aircraft.That spelled 250 new jobs at its factory outside Naples, the heart of perpetually struggling southern Italy.<br />
“It was a great opportunity,” says Adler-Pelzer Group chairman Paolo Scudieri.<br />
But early this year, alarmed by the intensifying political chaos gripping Italy, Mr. Scudieri’s company shifted the order to a factory in Poland. He was disturbed by what he portrays as the anti-business proclivities of the populists suddenly running the country. He was concerned by the government’s collision with the European Union over its spending plans.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190725_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: Residents are seen here in Montesanto, a working-class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: People wait their turn at the National Insitute for Social Security (INPS) in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: Members of the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization rally against unemployment and undeclared work in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Antonio Pastore (45, unemployed) poses for a portait in front of the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Ten years ago, in the midst of the global financial crisis, Antonio Pastore lost the job he had held for two decades, restoring marble statues. He had earned about 1,200 euros per month ($1,349). As orders disappeared, his employer pressured him to agree to work off the books, he says, enabling the company to avoid paying taxes. He refused, and was summarily fired. That was the last time he has held a real job.<br />
<br />
At the Sgarrupato unemployed workers share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • AVELLINO, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Olive oil bottles and labels are seen here at Basso, an oil bottling company in Avellino, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Sabino Basso, the owner of the plant, has halted plans to hire 30 more people at the olive oil bottling plant started more than a century ago by his great-grandfather.<br />
Mr. Basso’s company buys olive oil from growers in Italy, Spain and Greece, exporting 80 percent of its wares to countries around the globe — especially the United States, where Wal-Mart is a major customer. He had wanted to hire to boost marketing and online sales.<br />
But then Five Star tightened legal requirements for companies that hire workers on temporary contracts, effectively limiting stints to one year. The change was aimed at forcing businesses to hire permanent workers.<br />
Mr. Basso was aghast. All but five of his 100 workers are permanent, he says. The others are apprentices.<br />
“In order to understand if I want to keep people their whole lives, I have to test them,” he says. The new rules did not allow him sufficient time. “I just stopped hiring.”<br />
His sales in Italy have dipped four percent this year, a trend he blames on the noisy reality show that is Italian politics.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • AVELLINO, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: A worker check the labelling of olive oil bottles at Basso, an oil bottling company in Avellino, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Sabino Basso, the owner of the plant, has halted plans to hire 30 more people at the olive oil bottling plant started more than a century ago by his great-grandfather.<br />
Mr. Basso’s company buys olive oil from growers in Italy, Spain and Greece, exporting 80 percent of its wares to countries around the globe — especially the United States, where Wal-Mart is a major customer. He had wanted to hire to boost marketing and online sales.<br />
But then Five Star tightened legal requirements for companies that hire workers on temporary contracts, effectively limiting stints to one year. The change was aimed at forcing businesses to hire permanent workers.<br />
Mr. Basso was aghast. All but five of his 100 workers are permanent, he says. The others are apprentices.<br />
“In order to understand if I want to keep people their whole lives, I have to test them,” he says. The new rules did not allow him sufficient time. “I just stopped hiring.”<br />
His sales in Italy have dipped four percent this year, a trend he blames on the noisy reality show that is Italian politics.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 20 JULY 2019: A man waters plants on a terrace overlooking the volcano mount Vesuvius in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 20th 2019.<br />
<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190720_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • OTTAVIANO, ITALY - 25 JULY 2019: Workers are seen here processing flexible polyurethan foaminge and producing rear seat paddings for Fiat Panda, at Adler Group in Ottaviano, Italy, on July 25th 2019.<br />
<br />
Adler-Pelzer Group is an Italian manufacturing Group, and a worldwide leader in the design, development and manufacturing of components and systems for the transportation industry. Founded in 1956 in Ottaviano (Naples), today is the largest producer in Italy and the second in the world of systems for acoustic, thermal comfort and interior design for vehicles in the automotive, aerospace and railway industries. <br />
<br />
Italian manufacturer Adler-Pelzer Group had secured an order worth 2.6 million euros to make parts for military aircraft.That spelled 250 new jobs at its factory outside Naples, the heart of perpetually struggling southern Italy.<br />
“It was a great opportunity,” says Adler-Pelzer Group chairman Paolo Scudieri.<br />
But early this year, alarmed by the intensifying political chaos gripping Italy, Mr. Scudieri’s company shifted the order to a factory in Poland. He was disturbed by what he portrays as the anti-business proclivities of the populists suddenly running the country. He was concerned by the government’s collision with the European Union over its spending plans.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190725_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: People are seen here passing by a street overlooking the historical center of Naples and the volcano Mount Vesuvius in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: A child rides his bike in the Ventaglieri park in  in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: People are seen here walking towards Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: A man walks by a street art by artist Trallallà in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: People wait their turn at the National Insitute for Social Security (INPS) in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: Members of the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization rally against unemployment and undeclared work in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Antonio Pastore (45, unemployed) poses for a portait in front of the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Ten years ago, in the midst of the global financial crisis, Antonio Pastore lost the job he had held for two decades, restoring marble statues. He had earned about 1,200 euros per month ($1,349). As orders disappeared, his employer pressured him to agree to work off the books, he says, enabling the company to avoid paying taxes. He refused, and was summarily fired. That was the last time he has held a real job.<br />
<br />
At the Sgarrupato unemployed workers share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Antonio Pastore (45, center, unemployed) gather with other unemployed workers  at the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
<br />
Ten years ago, in the midst of the global financial crisis, Antonio Pastore lost the job he had held for two decades, restoring marble statues. He had earned about 1,200 euros per month ($1,349). As orders disappeared, his employer pressured him to agree to work off the books, he says, enabling the company to avoid paying taxes. He refused, and was summarily fired. That was the last time he has held a real job.<br />
<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Unemployed workers gather at the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Luigi Prodomo (54, unemployed) is seen here at the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization where unemployed workers gather, in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: (R-L) Maria Cinque (a resident of Montesanto), Antonio Pastore (45, unemployed) and Maria Pandolfi (54, unemployed), gather at the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Maria Cinque, a resident of Montesanto - a working class neighborhood of Naples - opens the door of the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization where she volunteers and where unemployed workers gather, in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • AVELLINO, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Sabino Basso, owner of the olive oil bottling company Basso, poses for a portrait in Avellino, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Sabino Basso, the owner of the plant, has halted plans to hire 30 more people at the olive oil bottling plant started more than a century ago by his great-grandfather.<br />
Mr. Basso’s company buys olive oil from growers in Italy, Spain and Greece, exporting 80 percent of its wares to countries around the globe — especially the United States, where Wal-Mart is a major customer. He had wanted to hire to boost marketing and online sales.<br />
But then Five Star tightened legal requirements for companies that hire workers on temporary contracts, effectively limiting stints to one year. The change was aimed at forcing businesses to hire permanent workers.<br />
Mr. Basso was aghast. All but five of his 100 workers are permanent, he says. The others are apprentices.<br />
“In order to understand if I want to keep people their whole lives, I have to test them,” he says. The new rules did not allow him sufficient time. “I just stopped hiring.”<br />
His sales in Italy have dipped four percent this year, a trend he blames on the noisy reality show that is Italian politics.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • AVELLINO, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Sabino Basso, owner of the olive oil bottling company Basso, poses for a portrait in Avellino, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Sabino Basso, the owner of the plant, has halted plans to hire 30 more people at the olive oil bottling plant started more than a century ago by his great-grandfather.<br />
Mr. Basso’s company buys olive oil from growers in Italy, Spain and Greece, exporting 80 percent of its wares to countries around the globe — especially the United States, where Wal-Mart is a major customer. He had wanted to hire to boost marketing and online sales.<br />
But then Five Star tightened legal requirements for companies that hire workers on temporary contracts, effectively limiting stints to one year. The change was aimed at forcing businesses to hire permanent workers.<br />
Mr. Basso was aghast. All but five of his 100 workers are permanent, he says. The others are apprentices.<br />
“In order to understand if I want to keep people their whole lives, I have to test them,” he says. The new rules did not allow him sufficient time. “I just stopped hiring.”<br />
His sales in Italy have dipped four percent this year, a trend he blames on the noisy reality show that is Italian politics.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • AVELLINO, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: A worker stores olive oil bottles in the warehouse of Basso, an oil bottling company in Avellino, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Sabino Basso, the owner of the plant, has halted plans to hire 30 more people at the olive oil bottling plant started more than a century ago by his great-grandfather.<br />
Mr. Basso’s company buys olive oil from growers in Italy, Spain and Greece, exporting 80 percent of its wares to countries around the globe — especially the United States, where Wal-Mart is a major customer. He had wanted to hire to boost marketing and online sales.<br />
But then Five Star tightened legal requirements for companies that hire workers on temporary contracts, effectively limiting stints to one year. The change was aimed at forcing businesses to hire permanent workers.<br />
Mr. Basso was aghast. All but five of his 100 workers are permanent, he says. The others are apprentices.<br />
“In order to understand if I want to keep people their whole lives, I have to test them,” he says. The new rules did not allow him sufficient time. “I just stopped hiring.”<br />
His sales in Italy have dipped four percent this year, a trend he blames on the noisy reality show that is Italian politics.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • AVELLINO, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: A worker is seen here at Basso, an olive oil bottling company in Avellino, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Sabino Basso, the owner of the plant, has halted plans to hire 30 more people at the olive oil bottling plant started more than a century ago by his great-grandfather.<br />
Mr. Basso’s company buys olive oil from growers in Italy, Spain and Greece, exporting 80 percent of its wares to countries around the globe — especially the United States, where Wal-Mart is a major customer. He had wanted to hire to boost marketing and online sales.<br />
But then Five Star tightened legal requirements for companies that hire workers on temporary contracts, effectively limiting stints to one year. The change was aimed at forcing businesses to hire permanent workers.<br />
Mr. Basso was aghast. All but five of his 100 workers are permanent, he says. The others are apprentices.<br />
“In order to understand if I want to keep people their whole lives, I have to test them,” he says. The new rules did not allow him sufficient time. “I just stopped hiring.”<br />
His sales in Italy have dipped four percent this year, a trend he blames on the noisy reality show that is Italian politics.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • OTTAVIANO, ITALY - 25 JULY 2019: Paolo Scudieri, a member of the board of Confindustria, Italy’s most powerful business association, and chairman of the Adler-Pelzer Group, poses for a portrait at the Adler-Group offices in Ottaviano, Italy, on July 25th 2019.<br />
<br />
Adler-Pelzer Group is an Italian manufacturing Group, and a worldwide leader in the design, development and manufacturing of components and systems for the transportation industry. Founded in 1956 in Ottaviano (Naples), today is the largest producer in Italy and the second in the world of systems for acoustic, thermal comfort and interior design for vehicles in the automotive, aerospace and railway industries. <br />
<br />
Italian manufacturer Adler-Pelzer Group had secured an order worth 2.6 million euros to make parts for military aircraft.That spelled 250 new jobs at its factory outside Naples, the heart of perpetually struggling southern Italy.<br />
“It was a great opportunity,” says Adler-Pelzer Group chairman Paolo Scudieri.<br />
But early this year, alarmed by the intensifying political chaos gripping Italy, Mr. Scudieri’s company shifted the order to a factory in Poland. He was disturbed by what he portrays as the anti-business proclivities of the populists suddenly running the country. He was concerned by the government’s collision with the European Union over its spending plans.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190725_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: A man walks by a street overlooking the historical center of Naples and the volcano Mount Vesuvius in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: A view of Naples and the volcano Mount Vesuvius is seen here in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: A view of Naples and the volcano Mount Vesuvius is seen here in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: Members of the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization are seen here after rallying against unemployment and undeclared work in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: People wait their turn at the National Insitute for Social Security (INPS) in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: A local resident walks by the the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • AVELLINO, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: A worker check the olive oil tanks at Basso, an oil bottling company in Avellino, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Sabino Basso, the owner of the plant, has halted plans to hire 30 more people at the olive oil bottling plant started more than a century ago by his great-grandfather.<br />
Mr. Basso’s company buys olive oil from growers in Italy, Spain and Greece, exporting 80 percent of its wares to countries around the globe — especially the United States, where Wal-Mart is a major customer. He had wanted to hire to boost marketing and online sales.<br />
But then Five Star tightened legal requirements for companies that hire workers on temporary contracts, effectively limiting stints to one year. The change was aimed at forcing businesses to hire permanent workers.<br />
Mr. Basso was aghast. All but five of his 100 workers are permanent, he says. The others are apprentices.<br />
“In order to understand if I want to keep people their whole lives, I have to test them,” he says. The new rules did not allow him sufficient time. “I just stopped hiring.”<br />
His sales in Italy have dipped four percent this year, a trend he blames on the noisy reality show that is Italian politics.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: Left-wing wall tags against Interior Minister Matteo Salvini and against racism are seen here on a wall in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: (L-R, from front to back) Maria Cinque (a volunteer and resident of Montesanto), Luigi Prodomo (54, unemployed), Antonio Pastore (45, unemployed) and Maria Pandolfi (54, unemployed) gather at the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Antonio Pastore (45, center, unemployed) gather with other unemployed workers  at the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
<br />
Ten years ago, in the midst of the global financial crisis, Antonio Pastore lost the job he had held for two decades, restoring marble statues. He had earned about 1,200 euros per month ($1,349). As orders disappeared, his employer pressured him to agree to work off the books, he says, enabling the company to avoid paying taxes. He refused, and was summarily fired. That was the last time he has held a real job.<br />
<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Elders and unemployed workers gather at the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • OTTAVIANO, ITALY - 25 JULY 2019: A workers is seen here at a machine processing flexible polyurethan with film foaming and that produces fenders for Jeep Renegade, at Adler Group in Ottaviano, Italy, on July 25th 2019.<br />
<br />
Adler-Pelzer Group is an Italian manufacturing Group, and a worldwide leader in the design, development and manufacturing of components and systems for the transportation industry. Founded in 1956 in Ottaviano (Naples), today is the largest producer in Italy and the second in the world of systems for acoustic, thermal comfort and interior design for vehicles in the automotive, aerospace and railway industries. <br />
<br />
Italian manufacturer Adler-Pelzer Group had secured an order worth 2.6 million euros to make parts for military aircraft.That spelled 250 new jobs at its factory outside Naples, the heart of perpetually struggling southern Italy.<br />
“It was a great opportunity,” says Adler-Pelzer Group chairman Paolo Scudieri.<br />
But early this year, alarmed by the intensifying political chaos gripping Italy, Mr. Scudieri’s company shifted the order to a factory in Poland. He was disturbed by what he portrays as the anti-business proclivities of the populists suddenly running the country. He was concerned by the government’s collision with the European Union over its spending plans.<br />
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Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190725_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: People are seen here in front of the the National Insitute for Social Security (INPS) in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
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Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Unemployed workers gather at the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Unemployed workers gather at the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Antonio Pastore (45, unemployed) poses for a portait in front of the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Ten years ago, in the midst of the global financial crisis, Antonio Pastore lost the job he had held for two decades, restoring marble statues. He had earned about 1,200 euros per month ($1,349). As orders disappeared, his employer pressured him to agree to work off the books, he says, enabling the company to avoid paying taxes. He refused, and was summarily fired. That was the last time he has held a real job.<br />
<br />
At the Sgarrupato unemployed workers share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Antonio Pastore (45, unemployed) poses for a portait in front of the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Ten years ago, in the midst of the global financial crisis, Antonio Pastore lost the job he had held for two decades, restoring marble statues. He had earned about 1,200 euros per month ($1,349). As orders disappeared, his employer pressured him to agree to work off the books, he says, enabling the company to avoid paying taxes. He refused, and was summarily fired. That was the last time he has held a real job.<br />
<br />
At the Sgarrupato unemployed workers share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Unemployed workers gather at the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Unemployed workers gather at the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg