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  • SAN PIETRO VERNOTICO, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: Simona Allegrino (34), an unempoyed mother who resigned shortly after returning from maternity leave, poses for a portrait by her family photos in her living room, in San Pietro Vernotico, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020.<br />
<br />
 Since the age of 21 years old, Simona Allegrino worked in administration services company. In 2019, she gave birth to two twins and went on maternity leave. When she came back to work, she asked for a part-time contractor any other agreement that would allow her to come back earlier home to her children. After she realised her employer didn't accept any of her requests, she resigned. She is unemployed since then.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.<br />
<br />
Faced with the  challenge of balancing home schooling and their jobs, figures so far reveal that 76 percent of the applicants for paid parental leave during the pandemic have been women. A research conducted by the Milan Bicocca University claims that 30 percent of working mums are considering leaving their jobs if distance learning were to continue this academic year.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30413.jpg
  • SAN PIETRO VERNOTICO, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: Simona Allegrino (34), an unempoyed mother who resigned shortly after returning from maternity leave, poses for a portrait by her family photos in her living room, in San Pietro Vernotico, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020.<br />
<br />
 Since the age of 21 years old, Simona Allegrino worked in administration services company. In 2019, she gave birth to two twins and went on maternity leave. When she came back to work, she asked for a part-time contractor any other agreement that would allow her to come back earlier home to her children. After she realised her employer didn't accept any of her requests, she resigned. She is unemployed since then.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.<br />
<br />
Faced with the  challenge of balancing home schooling and their jobs, figures so far reveal that 76 percent of the applicants for paid parental leave during the pandemic have been women. A research conducted by the Milan Bicocca University claims that 30 percent of working mums are considering leaving their jobs if distance learning were to continue this academic year.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30400.jpg
  • LECCE, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: Stefania Pala (32), an unemployed, poses for a portrait in Lecce, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020.<br />
<br />
After working in a hotel on Lake Garda, Stefania Pala moved to London where she worked in a pizzeria and lived with her partner from 2015 to 2018. When her partner received a job offer with a permanent contract in Apulia, they moved back. "We could finally ask for a loan, get married and buy a house", she said.  She has worked occasionally as a head waiter on short-term contracts during peak season in Apulia. Her last job was at a resort last summer, but has been unemployed ever since. During her last job interview for an available position as a paid intern (750 euros for 44 hours/week) in art supplies store, the potential employer asked her if she had children or if she had intention to have any. Uncertain how to respond, Stefania Pala laughed uncomfortably and replied she had two cats. She wasn't hired.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30095.jpg
  • LECCE, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: Stefania Pala (32), an unemployed, poses for a portrait in Lecce, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020.<br />
<br />
After working in a hotel on Lake Garda, Stefania Pala moved to London where she worked in a pizzeria and lived with her partner from 2015 to 2018. When her partner received a job offer with a permanent contract in Apulia, they moved back. "We could finally ask for a loan, get married and buy a house", she said.  She has worked occasionally as a head waiter on short-term contracts during peak season in Apulia. Her last job was at a resort last summer, but has been unemployed ever since. During her last job interview for an available position as a paid intern (750 euros for 44 hours/week) in art supplies store, the potential employer asked her if she had children or if she had intention to have any. Uncertain how to respond, Stefania Pala laughed uncomfortably and replied she had two cats. She wasn't hired.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30024.jpg
  • SAN PIETRO VERNOTICO, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: Simona Allegrino (34), an unempoyed mother who resigned shortly after returning from maternity leave, poses for a portrait by her family photos in her living room, in San Pietro Vernotico, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020.<br />
<br />
 Since the age of 21 years old, Simona Allegrino worked in administration services company. In 2019, she gave birth to two twins and went on maternity leave. When she came back to work, she asked for a part-time contractor any other agreement that would allow her to come back earlier home to her children. After she realised her employer didn't accept any of her requests, she resigned. She is unemployed since then.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.<br />
<br />
Faced with the  challenge of balancing home schooling and their jobs, figures so far reveal that 76 percent of the applicants for paid parental leave during the pandemic have been women. A research conducted by the Milan Bicocca University claims that 30 percent of working mums are considering leaving their jobs if distance learning were to continue this academic year.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30396.jpg
  • SAN PIETRO VERNOTICO, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: Simona Allegrino (34), an unempoyed mother who resigned shortly after returning from maternity leave, poses for a portrait by her family photos in her living room, in San Pietro Vernotico, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020.<br />
<br />
 Since the age of 21 years old, Simona Allegrino worked in administration services company. In 2019, she gave birth to two twins and went on maternity leave. When she came back to work, she asked for a part-time contractor any other agreement that would allow her to come back earlier home to her children. After she realised her employer didn't accept any of her requests, she resigned. She is unemployed since then.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.<br />
<br />
Faced with the  challenge of balancing home schooling and their jobs, figures so far reveal that 76 percent of the applicants for paid parental leave during the pandemic have been women. A research conducted by the Milan Bicocca University claims that 30 percent of working mums are considering leaving their jobs if distance learning were to continue this academic year.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30364.jpg
  • SAN PIETRO VERNOTICO, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: Simona Allegrino (34), an unempoyed mother who resigned shortly after returning from maternity leave, poses for a portrait by her family photos in her living room, in San Pietro Vernotico, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020.<br />
<br />
 Since the age of 21 years old, Simona Allegrino worked in administration services company. In 2019, she gave birth to two twins and went on maternity leave. When she came back to work, she asked for a part-time contractor any other agreement that would allow her to come back earlier home to her children. After she realised her employer didn't accept any of her requests, she resigned. She is unemployed since then.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.<br />
<br />
Faced with the  challenge of balancing home schooling and their jobs, figures so far reveal that 76 percent of the applicants for paid parental leave during the pandemic have been women. A research conducted by the Milan Bicocca University claims that 30 percent of working mums are considering leaving their jobs if distance learning were to continue this academic year.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30360.jpg
  • SAN PIETRO VERNOTICO, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: Simona Allegrino (34), an unempoyed mother who resigned shortly after returning from maternity leave, poses for a portrait by her family photos in her living room, in San Pietro Vernotico, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020.<br />
<br />
 Since the age of 21 years old, Simona Allegrino worked in administration services company. In 2019, she gave birth to two twins and went on maternity leave. When she came back to work, she asked for a part-time contractor any other agreement that would allow her to come back earlier home to her children. After she realised her employer didn't accept any of her requests, she resigned. She is unemployed since then.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.<br />
<br />
Faced with the  challenge of balancing home schooling and their jobs, figures so far reveal that 76 percent of the applicants for paid parental leave during the pandemic have been women. A research conducted by the Milan Bicocca University claims that 30 percent of working mums are considering leaving their jobs if distance learning were to continue this academic year.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30340.jpg
  • LECCE, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: Stefania Pala (32), an unemployed, poses for a portrait in Lecce, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020.<br />
<br />
After working in a hotel on Lake Garda, Stefania Pala moved to London where she worked in a pizzeria and lived with her partner from 2015 to 2018. When her partner received a job offer with a permanent contract in Apulia, they moved back. "We could finally ask for a loan, get married and buy a house", she said.  She has worked occasionally as a head waiter on short-term contracts during peak season in Apulia. Her last job was at a resort last summer, but has been unemployed ever since. During her last job interview for an available position as a paid intern (750 euros for 44 hours/week) in art supplies store, the potential employer asked her if she had children or if she had intention to have any. Uncertain how to respond, Stefania Pala laughed uncomfortably and replied she had two cats. She wasn't hired.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30177.jpg
  • LECCE, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: Stefania Pala (32), an unemployed, poses for a portrait in Lecce, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020.<br />
<br />
After working in a hotel on Lake Garda, Stefania Pala moved to London where she worked in a pizzeria and lived with her partner from 2015 to 2018. When her partner received a job offer with a permanent contract in Apulia, they moved back. "We could finally ask for a loan, get married and buy a house", she said.  She has worked occasionally as a head waiter on short-term contracts during peak season in Apulia. Her last job was at a resort last summer, but has been unemployed ever since. During her last job interview for an available position as a paid intern (750 euros for 44 hours/week) in art supplies store, the potential employer asked her if she had children or if she had intention to have any. Uncertain how to respond, Stefania Pala laughed uncomfortably and replied she had two cats. She wasn't hired.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30161.jpg
  • LECCE, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: Stefania Pala (32), an unemployed, poses for a portrait in Lecce, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020.<br />
<br />
After working in a hotel on Lake Garda, Stefania Pala moved to London where she worked in a pizzeria and lived with her partner from 2015 to 2018. When her partner received a job offer with a permanent contract in Apulia, they moved back. "We could finally ask for a loan, get married and buy a house", she said.  She has worked occasionally as a head waiter on short-term contracts during peak season in Apulia. Her last job was at a resort last summer, but has been unemployed ever since. During her last job interview for an available position as a paid intern (750 euros for 44 hours/week) in art supplies store, the potential employer asked her if she had children or if she had intention to have any. Uncertain how to respond, Stefania Pala laughed uncomfortably and replied she had two cats. She wasn't hired.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30087.jpg
  • LECCE, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: Stefania Pala (32), an unemployed, poses for a portrait in Lecce, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020.<br />
<br />
After working in a hotel on Lake Garda, Stefania Pala moved to London where she worked in a pizzeria and lived with her partner from 2015 to 2018. When her partner received a job offer with a permanent contract in Apulia, they moved back. "We could finally ask for a loan, get married and buy a house", she said.  She has worked occasionally as a head waiter on short-term contracts during peak season in Apulia. Her last job was at a resort last summer, but has been unemployed ever since. During her last job interview for an available position as a paid intern (750 euros for 44 hours/week) in art supplies store, the potential employer asked her if she had children or if she had intention to have any. Uncertain how to respond, Stefania Pala laughed uncomfortably and replied she had two cats. She wasn't hired.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30036.jpg
  • LECCE, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: Stefania Pala (32), an unemployed, poses for a portrait in Lecce, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020.<br />
<br />
After working in a hotel on Lake Garda, Stefania Pala moved to London where she worked in a pizzeria and lived with her partner from 2015 to 2018. When her partner received a job offer with a permanent contract in Apulia, they moved back. "We could finally ask for a loan, get married and buy a house", she said.  She has worked occasionally as a head waiter on short-term contracts during peak season in Apulia. Her last job was at a resort last summer, but has been unemployed ever since. During her last job interview for an available position as a paid intern (750 euros for 44 hours/week) in art supplies store, the potential employer asked her if she had children or if she had intention to have any. Uncertain how to respond, Stefania Pala laughed uncomfortably and replied she had two cats. She wasn't hired.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30057.jpg
  • LECCE, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: Stefania Pala (32), an unemployed, poses for a portrait in Lecce, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020.<br />
<br />
After working in a hotel on Lake Garda, Stefania Pala moved to London where she worked in a pizzeria and lived with her partner from 2015 to 2018. When her partner received a job offer with a permanent contract in Apulia, they moved back. "We could finally ask for a loan, get married and buy a house", she said.  She has worked occasionally as a head waiter on short-term contracts during peak season in Apulia. Her last job was at a resort last summer, but has been unemployed ever since. During her last job interview for an available position as a paid intern (750 euros for 44 hours/week) in art supplies store, the potential employer asked her if she had children or if she had intention to have any. Uncertain how to respond, Stefania Pala laughed uncomfortably and replied she had two cats. She wasn't hired.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30166.jpg
  • LECCE, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: A closed bar (right) is seen here in a usually busy nightlife area of the historical center of Lecce, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020. Since November 2nd 2020, bars and restaurants across Italy must close at 6pm.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30470.jpg
  • LECCE, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: A mother walks down the street next to a cafe that shut down during the lockdown, in the historical center of Lecce, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30220.jpg
  • LECCE, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: A closed deli is seen here  the historical center of Lecce, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020. <br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30549.jpg
  • LECCE, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: A closed bar is seen here in a usually busy nightlife area of the historical center of Lecce, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020. Since November 2nd 2020, bars and restaurants across Italy must close at 6pm.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30538.jpg
  • LECCE, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: A closed bar is seen here in a usually busy nightlife area of the historical center of Lecce, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020. Since November 2nd 2020, bars and restaurants across Italy must close at 6pm.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30501.jpg
  • LECCE, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: A closed bar (right) is seen here in a usually busy nightlife area of the historical center of Lecce, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020. Since November 2nd 2020, bars and restaurants across Italy must close at 6pm.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30490.jpg
  • LECCE, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: A closed cafe and gelato shop is seen here in the historical center of Lecce, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30309.jpg
  • LECCE, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: A space for rent is seen here in the historical center of Lecce, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30295.jpg
  • LECCE, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: A man is seen here looking at Roman ruins in the historical center of Lecce, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30266.jpg
  • LECCE, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: The terrace of a cafe without customers is seen here in the historical center of Lecce, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30557.jpg
  • LECCE, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: The terrace of a cafe without customers is seen here in the historical center of Lecce, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30270.jpg
  • LECCE, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: A cafe that shut down during the lockdown is seen here in the historical center of Lecce, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30195.jpg
  • LECCE, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: A cafe that shut down during the lockdown is seen here in the historical center of Lecce, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30205.jpg
  • LECCE, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: A view of the historical center of Lecce, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30106.jpg
  • LECCE, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: A closed restaurant is seen here in a usually busy nightlife area of the historical center of Lecce, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020. Since November 2nd 2020, bars and restaurants across Italy must close at 6pm.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30494.jpg
  • LECCE, ITALY - 10 DECEMBER 2020: A woman walks down the street in the historical center of Lecce, Apulia, Italy, on December 10th 2020.<br />
<br />
Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, the pandemic’s employment shock hit women harder than men across much of the Western world. The impact on women has been especially severe in Southern Italy, which already has Europe’s widest employment gender gap.<br />
<br />
In Italy, 51 percent of women work compared with 68 percent of men, the seventh highest women’s unemployment rate in the world despite improvements in the last decade<br />
<br />
The Global Gender Gap Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum prior to the pandemic states that the advancement of women has regressed by nearly a century.  Italy has performed worse than most European nations in this analysis, falling six spots to seventeenth position in Europe; only Greece, Malta and Cyprus fared more poorly.<br />
<br />
The gender pay gap highlights the most critical issue. On average, non-university-educated men earn 6,000 euro more than women with a degree in Italy.
    CIPG_20201210_WSJ_ITWOMEN_7M30289.jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Antonio Pastore (45, unemployed) poses for a portait in front of the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Ten years ago, in the midst of the global financial crisis, Antonio Pastore lost the job he had held for two decades, restoring marble statues. He had earned about 1,200 euros per month ($1,349). As orders disappeared, his employer pressured him to agree to work off the books, he says, enabling the company to avoid paying taxes. He refused, and was summarily fired. That was the last time he has held a real job.<br />
<br />
At the Sgarrupato unemployed workers share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Antonio Pastore (45, unemployed) poses for a portait in front of the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Ten years ago, in the midst of the global financial crisis, Antonio Pastore lost the job he had held for two decades, restoring marble statues. He had earned about 1,200 euros per month ($1,349). As orders disappeared, his employer pressured him to agree to work off the books, he says, enabling the company to avoid paying taxes. He refused, and was summarily fired. That was the last time he has held a real job.<br />
<br />
At the Sgarrupato unemployed workers share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Antonio Pastore (45, center, unemployed) gather with other unemployed workers  at the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
<br />
Ten years ago, in the midst of the global financial crisis, Antonio Pastore lost the job he had held for two decades, restoring marble statues. He had earned about 1,200 euros per month ($1,349). As orders disappeared, his employer pressured him to agree to work off the books, he says, enabling the company to avoid paying taxes. He refused, and was summarily fired. That was the last time he has held a real job.<br />
<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Antonio Pastore (45, center, unemployed) gather with other unemployed workers  at the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
<br />
Ten years ago, in the midst of the global financial crisis, Antonio Pastore lost the job he had held for two decades, restoring marble statues. He had earned about 1,200 euros per month ($1,349). As orders disappeared, his employer pressured him to agree to work off the books, he says, enabling the company to avoid paying taxes. He refused, and was summarily fired. That was the last time he has held a real job.<br />
<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Antonio Pastore (45, unemployed) poses for a portait in front of the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Ten years ago, in the midst of the global financial crisis, Antonio Pastore lost the job he had held for two decades, restoring marble statues. He had earned about 1,200 euros per month ($1,349). As orders disappeared, his employer pressured him to agree to work off the books, he says, enabling the company to avoid paying taxes. He refused, and was summarily fired. That was the last time he has held a real job.<br />
<br />
At the Sgarrupato unemployed workers share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Antonio Pastore (45, unemployed) poses for a portait in front of the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Ten years ago, in the midst of the global financial crisis, Antonio Pastore lost the job he had held for two decades, restoring marble statues. He had earned about 1,200 euros per month ($1,349). As orders disappeared, his employer pressured him to agree to work off the books, he says, enabling the company to avoid paying taxes. He refused, and was summarily fired. That was the last time he has held a real job.<br />
<br />
At the Sgarrupato unemployed workers share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • OTTAVIANO, ITALY - 25 JULY 2019: Paolo Scudieri, a member of the board of Confindustria, Italy’s most powerful business association, and chairman of the Adler-Pelzer Group, poses for a portrait at the Adler-Group offices in Ottaviano, Italy, on July 25th 2019.<br />
<br />
Adler-Pelzer Group is an Italian manufacturing Group, and a worldwide leader in the design, development and manufacturing of components and systems for the transportation industry. Founded in 1956 in Ottaviano (Naples), today is the largest producer in Italy and the second in the world of systems for acoustic, thermal comfort and interior design for vehicles in the automotive, aerospace and railway industries. <br />
<br />
Italian manufacturer Adler-Pelzer Group had secured an order worth 2.6 million euros to make parts for military aircraft.That spelled 250 new jobs at its factory outside Naples, the heart of perpetually struggling southern Italy.<br />
“It was a great opportunity,” says Adler-Pelzer Group chairman Paolo Scudieri.<br />
But early this year, alarmed by the intensifying political chaos gripping Italy, Mr. Scudieri’s company shifted the order to a factory in Poland. He was disturbed by what he portrays as the anti-business proclivities of the populists suddenly running the country. He was concerned by the government’s collision with the European Union over its spending plans.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190725_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • OTTAVIANO, ITALY - 25 JULY 2019: Workers are seen here processing flexible polyurethan foaminge and producing rear seat paddings for Fiat Panda, at Adler Group in Ottaviano, Italy, on July 25th 2019.<br />
<br />
Adler-Pelzer Group is an Italian manufacturing Group, and a worldwide leader in the design, development and manufacturing of components and systems for the transportation industry. Founded in 1956 in Ottaviano (Naples), today is the largest producer in Italy and the second in the world of systems for acoustic, thermal comfort and interior design for vehicles in the automotive, aerospace and railway industries. <br />
<br />
Italian manufacturer Adler-Pelzer Group had secured an order worth 2.6 million euros to make parts for military aircraft.That spelled 250 new jobs at its factory outside Naples, the heart of perpetually struggling southern Italy.<br />
“It was a great opportunity,” says Adler-Pelzer Group chairman Paolo Scudieri.<br />
But early this year, alarmed by the intensifying political chaos gripping Italy, Mr. Scudieri’s company shifted the order to a factory in Poland. He was disturbed by what he portrays as the anti-business proclivities of the populists suddenly running the country. He was concerned by the government’s collision with the European Union over its spending plans.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190725_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • OTTAVIANO, ITALY - 25 JULY 2019: A workers is seen here  processing flexible polyurethan foaminge and producing rear seat paddings for Fiat Panda, at Adler Group in Ottaviano, Italy, on July 25th 2019.<br />
<br />
Adler-Pelzer Group is an Italian manufacturing Group, and a worldwide leader in the design, development and manufacturing of components and systems for the transportation industry. Founded in 1956 in Ottaviano (Naples), today is the largest producer in Italy and the second in the world of systems for acoustic, thermal comfort and interior design for vehicles in the automotive, aerospace and railway industries. <br />
<br />
Italian manufacturer Adler-Pelzer Group had secured an order worth 2.6 million euros to make parts for military aircraft.That spelled 250 new jobs at its factory outside Naples, the heart of perpetually struggling southern Italy.<br />
“It was a great opportunity,” says Adler-Pelzer Group chairman Paolo Scudieri.<br />
But early this year, alarmed by the intensifying political chaos gripping Italy, Mr. Scudieri’s company shifted the order to a factory in Poland. He was disturbed by what he portrays as the anti-business proclivities of the populists suddenly running the country. He was concerned by the government’s collision with the European Union over its spending plans.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190725_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: People are seen here passing by a street overlooking the historical center of Naples and the volcano Mount Vesuvius in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: A child rides his bike in the Ventaglieri park in  in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • AVELLINO, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: A worker is seen here at Basso, an olive oil bottling company in Avellino, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Sabino Basso, the owner of the plant, has halted plans to hire 30 more people at the olive oil bottling plant started more than a century ago by his great-grandfather.<br />
Mr. Basso’s company buys olive oil from growers in Italy, Spain and Greece, exporting 80 percent of its wares to countries around the globe — especially the United States, where Wal-Mart is a major customer. He had wanted to hire to boost marketing and online sales.<br />
But then Five Star tightened legal requirements for companies that hire workers on temporary contracts, effectively limiting stints to one year. The change was aimed at forcing businesses to hire permanent workers.<br />
Mr. Basso was aghast. All but five of his 100 workers are permanent, he says. The others are apprentices.<br />
“In order to understand if I want to keep people their whole lives, I have to test them,” he says. The new rules did not allow him sufficient time. “I just stopped hiring.”<br />
His sales in Italy have dipped four percent this year, a trend he blames on the noisy reality show that is Italian politics.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • OTTAVIANO, ITALY - 25 JULY 2019: Paolo Scudieri (center), a member of the board of Confindustria, Italy’s most powerful business association, and chairman of the Adler-Pelzer Group, tests an electric go-kart in Ottaviano, Italy, on July 25th 2019.<br />
<br />
Adler-Pelzer Group is an Italian manufacturing Group, and a worldwide leader in the design, development and manufacturing of components and systems for the transportation industry. Founded in 1956 in Ottaviano (Naples), today is the largest producer in Italy and the second in the world of systems for acoustic, thermal comfort and interior design for vehicles in the automotive, aerospace and railway industries. <br />
<br />
Italian manufacturer Adler-Pelzer Group had secured an order worth 2.6 million euros to make parts for military aircraft.That spelled 250 new jobs at its factory outside Naples, the heart of perpetually struggling southern Italy.<br />
“It was a great opportunity,” says Adler-Pelzer Group chairman Paolo Scudieri.<br />
But early this year, alarmed by the intensifying political chaos gripping Italy, Mr. Scudieri’s company shifted the order to a factory in Poland. He was disturbed by what he portrays as the anti-business proclivities of the populists suddenly running the country. He was concerned by the government’s collision with the European Union over its spending plans.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190725_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • OTTAVIANO, ITALY - 25 JULY 2019: The machine processing flexible polyurethan with film foaming and that produces fenders for Jeep Renegade is seen here at Adler Group in Ottaviano, Italy, on July 25th 2019.<br />
<br />
Adler-Pelzer Group is an Italian manufacturing Group, and a worldwide leader in the design, development and manufacturing of components and systems for the transportation industry. Founded in 1956 in Ottaviano (Naples), today is the largest producer in Italy and the second in the world of systems for acoustic, thermal comfort and interior design for vehicles in the automotive, aerospace and railway industries. <br />
<br />
Italian manufacturer Adler-Pelzer Group had secured an order worth 2.6 million euros to make parts for military aircraft.That spelled 250 new jobs at its factory outside Naples, the heart of perpetually struggling southern Italy.<br />
“It was a great opportunity,” says Adler-Pelzer Group chairman Paolo Scudieri.<br />
But early this year, alarmed by the intensifying political chaos gripping Italy, Mr. Scudieri’s company shifted the order to a factory in Poland. He was disturbed by what he portrays as the anti-business proclivities of the populists suddenly running the country. He was concerned by the government’s collision with the European Union over its spending plans.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190725_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • OTTAVIANO, ITALY - 25 JULY 2019: A workers is seen here at a machine processing flexible polyurethan with film foaming and that produces fenders for Jeep Renegade, at Adler Group in Ottaviano, Italy, on July 25th 2019.<br />
<br />
Adler-Pelzer Group is an Italian manufacturing Group, and a worldwide leader in the design, development and manufacturing of components and systems for the transportation industry. Founded in 1956 in Ottaviano (Naples), today is the largest producer in Italy and the second in the world of systems for acoustic, thermal comfort and interior design for vehicles in the automotive, aerospace and railway industries. <br />
<br />
Italian manufacturer Adler-Pelzer Group had secured an order worth 2.6 million euros to make parts for military aircraft.That spelled 250 new jobs at its factory outside Naples, the heart of perpetually struggling southern Italy.<br />
“It was a great opportunity,” says Adler-Pelzer Group chairman Paolo Scudieri.<br />
But early this year, alarmed by the intensifying political chaos gripping Italy, Mr. Scudieri’s company shifted the order to a factory in Poland. He was disturbed by what he portrays as the anti-business proclivities of the populists suddenly running the country. He was concerned by the government’s collision with the European Union over its spending plans.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190725_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • OTTAVIANO, ITALY - 25 JULY 2019: Paolo Scudieri, a member of the board of Confindustria, Italy’s most powerful business association, and chairman of the Adler-Pelzer Group, poses for a portrait at the Adler-Group offices in Ottaviano, Italy, on July 25th 2019.<br />
<br />
Adler-Pelzer Group is an Italian manufacturing Group, and a worldwide leader in the design, development and manufacturing of components and systems for the transportation industry. Founded in 1956 in Ottaviano (Naples), today is the largest producer in Italy and the second in the world of systems for acoustic, thermal comfort and interior design for vehicles in the automotive, aerospace and railway industries. <br />
<br />
Italian manufacturer Adler-Pelzer Group had secured an order worth 2.6 million euros to make parts for military aircraft.That spelled 250 new jobs at its factory outside Naples, the heart of perpetually struggling southern Italy.<br />
“It was a great opportunity,” says Adler-Pelzer Group chairman Paolo Scudieri.<br />
But early this year, alarmed by the intensifying political chaos gripping Italy, Mr. Scudieri’s company shifted the order to a factory in Poland. He was disturbed by what he portrays as the anti-business proclivities of the populists suddenly running the country. He was concerned by the government’s collision with the European Union over its spending plans.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190725_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • OTTAVIANO, ITALY - 25 JULY 2019: Paolo Scudieri, a member of the board of Confindustria, Italy’s most powerful business association, and chairman of the Adler-Pelzer Group, poses for a portrait at the Adler-Group offices in Ottaviano, Italy, on July 25th 2019.<br />
<br />
Adler-Pelzer Group is an Italian manufacturing Group, and a worldwide leader in the design, development and manufacturing of components and systems for the transportation industry. Founded in 1956 in Ottaviano (Naples), today is the largest producer in Italy and the second in the world of systems for acoustic, thermal comfort and interior design for vehicles in the automotive, aerospace and railway industries. <br />
<br />
Italian manufacturer Adler-Pelzer Group had secured an order worth 2.6 million euros to make parts for military aircraft.That spelled 250 new jobs at its factory outside Naples, the heart of perpetually struggling southern Italy.<br />
“It was a great opportunity,” says Adler-Pelzer Group chairman Paolo Scudieri.<br />
But early this year, alarmed by the intensifying political chaos gripping Italy, Mr. Scudieri’s company shifted the order to a factory in Poland. He was disturbed by what he portrays as the anti-business proclivities of the populists suddenly running the country. He was concerned by the government’s collision with the European Union over its spending plans.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190725_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • OTTAVIANO, ITALY - 25 JULY 2019: Paolo Scudieri, a member of the board of Confindustria, Italy’s most powerful business association, and chairman of the Adler-Pelzer Group, poses for a portrait at the Adler-Group offices in Ottaviano, Italy, on July 25th 2019.<br />
<br />
Adler-Pelzer Group is an Italian manufacturing Group, and a worldwide leader in the design, development and manufacturing of components and systems for the transportation industry. Founded in 1956 in Ottaviano (Naples), today is the largest producer in Italy and the second in the world of systems for acoustic, thermal comfort and interior design for vehicles in the automotive, aerospace and railway industries. <br />
<br />
Italian manufacturer Adler-Pelzer Group had secured an order worth 2.6 million euros to make parts for military aircraft.That spelled 250 new jobs at its factory outside Naples, the heart of perpetually struggling southern Italy.<br />
“It was a great opportunity,” says Adler-Pelzer Group chairman Paolo Scudieri.<br />
But early this year, alarmed by the intensifying political chaos gripping Italy, Mr. Scudieri’s company shifted the order to a factory in Poland. He was disturbed by what he portrays as the anti-business proclivities of the populists suddenly running the country. He was concerned by the government’s collision with the European Union over its spending plans.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190725_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • OTTAVIANO, ITALY - 25 JULY 2019: Paolo Scudieri, a member of the board of Confindustria, Italy’s most powerful business association, and chairman of the Adler-Pelzer Group, poses for a portrait at the Adler-Group offices in Ottaviano, Italy, on July 25th 2019.<br />
<br />
Adler-Pelzer Group is an Italian manufacturing Group, and a worldwide leader in the design, development and manufacturing of components and systems for the transportation industry. Founded in 1956 in Ottaviano (Naples), today is the largest producer in Italy and the second in the world of systems for acoustic, thermal comfort and interior design for vehicles in the automotive, aerospace and railway industries. <br />
<br />
Italian manufacturer Adler-Pelzer Group had secured an order worth 2.6 million euros to make parts for military aircraft.That spelled 250 new jobs at its factory outside Naples, the heart of perpetually struggling southern Italy.<br />
“It was a great opportunity,” says Adler-Pelzer Group chairman Paolo Scudieri.<br />
But early this year, alarmed by the intensifying political chaos gripping Italy, Mr. Scudieri’s company shifted the order to a factory in Poland. He was disturbed by what he portrays as the anti-business proclivities of the populists suddenly running the country. He was concerned by the government’s collision with the European Union over its spending plans.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190725_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • OTTAVIANO, ITALY - 25 JULY 2019: Workers are seen here at a machine processing polyurethan with skill foaming and that produces anti rattle pads for Jeep Renegade, at Adler Group in Ottaviano, Italy, on July 25th 2019.<br />
<br />
Adler-Pelzer Group is an Italian manufacturing Group, and a worldwide leader in the design, development and manufacturing of components and systems for the transportation industry. Founded in 1956 in Ottaviano (Naples), today is the largest producer in Italy and the second in the world of systems for acoustic, thermal comfort and interior design for vehicles in the automotive, aerospace and railway industries. <br />
<br />
Italian manufacturer Adler-Pelzer Group had secured an order worth 2.6 million euros to make parts for military aircraft.That spelled 250 new jobs at its factory outside Naples, the heart of perpetually struggling southern Italy.<br />
“It was a great opportunity,” says Adler-Pelzer Group chairman Paolo Scudieri.<br />
But early this year, alarmed by the intensifying political chaos gripping Italy, Mr. Scudieri’s company shifted the order to a factory in Poland. He was disturbed by what he portrays as the anti-business proclivities of the populists suddenly running the country. He was concerned by the government’s collision with the European Union over its spending plans.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190725_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: Residents are seen here in Montesanto, a working-class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: A man walks by a street art by artist Trallallà in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: A man walks by a street overlooking the historical center of Naples and the volcano Mount Vesuvius in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: A view of Naples and the volcano Mount Vesuvius is seen here in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: A view of Naples and the volcano Mount Vesuvius is seen here in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: Members of the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization are seen here after rallying against unemployment and undeclared work in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: People wait their turn at the National Insitute for Social Security (INPS) in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: People are seen here in front of the the National Insitute for Social Security (INPS) in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: Left-wing wall tags against Interior Minister Matteo Salvini and against racism are seen here on a wall in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: Members of the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization rally against unemployment and undeclared work in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: Members of the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization rally against unemployment and undeclared work in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Unemployed workers gather at the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: (L-R, from front to back) Maria Cinque (a volunteer and resident of Montesanto), Luigi Prodomo (54, unemployed), Antonio Pastore (45, unemployed) and Maria Pandolfi (54, unemployed) gather at the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: (L-R, from front to back) Maria Cinque (a volunteer and resident of Montesanto), Luigi Prodomo (54, unemployed), Antonio Pastore (45, unemployed) and Maria Pandolfi (54, unemployed) gather at the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: (R-L) Maria Cinque (a resident of Montesanto), Antonio Pastore (45, unemployed) and Maria Pandolfi (54, unemployed), gather at the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Elders and unemployed workers gather at the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • AVELLINO, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Sabino Basso, owner of the olive oil bottling company Basso, poses for a portrait in Avellino, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Sabino Basso, the owner of the plant, has halted plans to hire 30 more people at the olive oil bottling plant started more than a century ago by his great-grandfather.<br />
Mr. Basso’s company buys olive oil from growers in Italy, Spain and Greece, exporting 80 percent of its wares to countries around the globe — especially the United States, where Wal-Mart is a major customer. He had wanted to hire to boost marketing and online sales.<br />
But then Five Star tightened legal requirements for companies that hire workers on temporary contracts, effectively limiting stints to one year. The change was aimed at forcing businesses to hire permanent workers.<br />
Mr. Basso was aghast. All but five of his 100 workers are permanent, he says. The others are apprentices.<br />
“In order to understand if I want to keep people their whole lives, I have to test them,” he says. The new rules did not allow him sufficient time. “I just stopped hiring.”<br />
His sales in Italy have dipped four percent this year, a trend he blames on the noisy reality show that is Italian politics.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • AVELLINO, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Sabino Basso, owner of the olive oil bottling company Basso, poses for a portrait in Avellino, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Sabino Basso, the owner of the plant, has halted plans to hire 30 more people at the olive oil bottling plant started more than a century ago by his great-grandfather.<br />
Mr. Basso’s company buys olive oil from growers in Italy, Spain and Greece, exporting 80 percent of its wares to countries around the globe — especially the United States, where Wal-Mart is a major customer. He had wanted to hire to boost marketing and online sales.<br />
But then Five Star tightened legal requirements for companies that hire workers on temporary contracts, effectively limiting stints to one year. The change was aimed at forcing businesses to hire permanent workers.<br />
Mr. Basso was aghast. All but five of his 100 workers are permanent, he says. The others are apprentices.<br />
“In order to understand if I want to keep people their whole lives, I have to test them,” he says. The new rules did not allow him sufficient time. “I just stopped hiring.”<br />
His sales in Italy have dipped four percent this year, a trend he blames on the noisy reality show that is Italian politics.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • AVELLINO, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Sabino Basso, owner of the olive oil bottling company Basso, poses for a portrait in Avellino, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Sabino Basso, the owner of the plant, has halted plans to hire 30 more people at the olive oil bottling plant started more than a century ago by his great-grandfather.<br />
Mr. Basso’s company buys olive oil from growers in Italy, Spain and Greece, exporting 80 percent of its wares to countries around the globe — especially the United States, where Wal-Mart is a major customer. He had wanted to hire to boost marketing and online sales.<br />
But then Five Star tightened legal requirements for companies that hire workers on temporary contracts, effectively limiting stints to one year. The change was aimed at forcing businesses to hire permanent workers.<br />
Mr. Basso was aghast. All but five of his 100 workers are permanent, he says. The others are apprentices.<br />
“In order to understand if I want to keep people their whole lives, I have to test them,” he says. The new rules did not allow him sufficient time. “I just stopped hiring.”<br />
His sales in Italy have dipped four percent this year, a trend he blames on the noisy reality show that is Italian politics.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • AVELLINO, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: A worker is seen here at Basso, an olive oil bottling company in Avellino, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Sabino Basso, the owner of the plant, has halted plans to hire 30 more people at the olive oil bottling plant started more than a century ago by his great-grandfather.<br />
Mr. Basso’s company buys olive oil from growers in Italy, Spain and Greece, exporting 80 percent of its wares to countries around the globe — especially the United States, where Wal-Mart is a major customer. He had wanted to hire to boost marketing and online sales.<br />
But then Five Star tightened legal requirements for companies that hire workers on temporary contracts, effectively limiting stints to one year. The change was aimed at forcing businesses to hire permanent workers.<br />
Mr. Basso was aghast. All but five of his 100 workers are permanent, he says. The others are apprentices.<br />
“In order to understand if I want to keep people their whole lives, I have to test them,” he says. The new rules did not allow him sufficient time. “I just stopped hiring.”<br />
His sales in Italy have dipped four percent this year, a trend he blames on the noisy reality show that is Italian politics.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • AVELLINO, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: A worker check the labelling of olive oil bottles at Basso, an oil bottling company in Avellino, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Sabino Basso, the owner of the plant, has halted plans to hire 30 more people at the olive oil bottling plant started more than a century ago by his great-grandfather.<br />
Mr. Basso’s company buys olive oil from growers in Italy, Spain and Greece, exporting 80 percent of its wares to countries around the globe — especially the United States, where Wal-Mart is a major customer. He had wanted to hire to boost marketing and online sales.<br />
But then Five Star tightened legal requirements for companies that hire workers on temporary contracts, effectively limiting stints to one year. The change was aimed at forcing businesses to hire permanent workers.<br />
Mr. Basso was aghast. All but five of his 100 workers are permanent, he says. The others are apprentices.<br />
“In order to understand if I want to keep people their whole lives, I have to test them,” he says. The new rules did not allow him sufficient time. “I just stopped hiring.”<br />
His sales in Italy have dipped four percent this year, a trend he blames on the noisy reality show that is Italian politics.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 20 JULY 2019: A man waters plants on a terrace overlooking the volcano mount Vesuvius in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 20th 2019.<br />
<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190720_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: People are seen here walking towards Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: People wait their turn at the National Insitute for Social Security (INPS) in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: People wait their turn at the National Insitute for Social Security (INPS) in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 23 JULY 2019: Members of the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization rally against unemployment and undeclared work in Naples, Italy, on July 23rd 2019.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190723_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Unemployed workers gather at the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Unemployed workers gather at the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: A local resident walks by the the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Unemployed workers gather at the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Luigi Prodomo (54, unemployed) is seen here at the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization where unemployed workers gather, in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Maria Cinque, a resident of Montesanto - a working class neighborhood of Naples - opens the door of the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization where she volunteers and where unemployed workers gather, in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Unemployed workers gather at the "Sgarrupato", an abandoned church seized by the "Movimento 7 Novembre" community organization in Montesanto, a working class neighborhood in Naples, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Here they share strategies for how to find work, and how to navigate the bewildering government benefits system.<br />
In Italy, the unemployment rate sits near 10 percent — lower than a year ago, but roughly the same level as in 2012, in the aftermath of a brutal crisis. But many in Naples say the crisis never ended.<br />
<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • AVELLINO, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: A worker stores olive oil bottles in the warehouse of Basso, an oil bottling company in Avellino, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Sabino Basso, the owner of the plant, has halted plans to hire 30 more people at the olive oil bottling plant started more than a century ago by his great-grandfather.<br />
Mr. Basso’s company buys olive oil from growers in Italy, Spain and Greece, exporting 80 percent of its wares to countries around the globe — especially the United States, where Wal-Mart is a major customer. He had wanted to hire to boost marketing and online sales.<br />
But then Five Star tightened legal requirements for companies that hire workers on temporary contracts, effectively limiting stints to one year. The change was aimed at forcing businesses to hire permanent workers.<br />
Mr. Basso was aghast. All but five of his 100 workers are permanent, he says. The others are apprentices.<br />
“In order to understand if I want to keep people their whole lives, I have to test them,” he says. The new rules did not allow him sufficient time. “I just stopped hiring.”<br />
His sales in Italy have dipped four percent this year, a trend he blames on the noisy reality show that is Italian politics.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • AVELLINO, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: A worker check the olive oil tanks at Basso, an oil bottling company in Avellino, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Sabino Basso, the owner of the plant, has halted plans to hire 30 more people at the olive oil bottling plant started more than a century ago by his great-grandfather.<br />
Mr. Basso’s company buys olive oil from growers in Italy, Spain and Greece, exporting 80 percent of its wares to countries around the globe — especially the United States, where Wal-Mart is a major customer. He had wanted to hire to boost marketing and online sales.<br />
But then Five Star tightened legal requirements for companies that hire workers on temporary contracts, effectively limiting stints to one year. The change was aimed at forcing businesses to hire permanent workers.<br />
Mr. Basso was aghast. All but five of his 100 workers are permanent, he says. The others are apprentices.<br />
“In order to understand if I want to keep people their whole lives, I have to test them,” he says. The new rules did not allow him sufficient time. “I just stopped hiring.”<br />
His sales in Italy have dipped four percent this year, a trend he blames on the noisy reality show that is Italian politics.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • AVELLINO, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Olive oil bottles and labels are seen here at Basso, an oil bottling company in Avellino, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Sabino Basso, the owner of the plant, has halted plans to hire 30 more people at the olive oil bottling plant started more than a century ago by his great-grandfather.<br />
Mr. Basso’s company buys olive oil from growers in Italy, Spain and Greece, exporting 80 percent of its wares to countries around the globe — especially the United States, where Wal-Mart is a major customer. He had wanted to hire to boost marketing and online sales.<br />
But then Five Star tightened legal requirements for companies that hire workers on temporary contracts, effectively limiting stints to one year. The change was aimed at forcing businesses to hire permanent workers.<br />
Mr. Basso was aghast. All but five of his 100 workers are permanent, he says. The others are apprentices.<br />
“In order to understand if I want to keep people their whole lives, I have to test them,” he says. The new rules did not allow him sufficient time. “I just stopped hiring.”<br />
His sales in Italy have dipped four percent this year, a trend he blames on the noisy reality show that is Italian politics.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • AVELLINO, ITALY - 22 JULY 2019: Olive oil bottles are seen here at Basso, an oil bottling company in Avellino, Italy, on July 22nd 2019.<br />
<br />
Sabino Basso, the owner of the plant, has halted plans to hire 30 more people at the olive oil bottling plant started more than a century ago by his great-grandfather.<br />
Mr. Basso’s company buys olive oil from growers in Italy, Spain and Greece, exporting 80 percent of its wares to countries around the globe — especially the United States, where Wal-Mart is a major customer. He had wanted to hire to boost marketing and online sales.<br />
But then Five Star tightened legal requirements for companies that hire workers on temporary contracts, effectively limiting stints to one year. The change was aimed at forcing businesses to hire permanent workers.<br />
Mr. Basso was aghast. All but five of his 100 workers are permanent, he says. The others are apprentices.<br />
“In order to understand if I want to keep people their whole lives, I have to test them,” he says. The new rules did not allow him sufficient time. “I just stopped hiring.”<br />
His sales in Italy have dipped four percent this year, a trend he blames on the noisy reality show that is Italian politics.<br />
<br />
Italian companies are deferring expansions and limiting investment rather than risking cash in a time of uncertainty. The public debt remains monumental, running at more than 2 trillion euro ($2.24 trillion), or more than 130 percent of annual economic output. Banks are still stuffed with bad loans — albeit fewer than before — making them reluctant to lend. An economy that has not expanded over the past decade is this year widely expected to again produce no growth.
    CIPG_20190722_NYT_ItalyEconNaples_M3...jpg
  • SOVERIA MANNELLI, ITALY - 17 NOVEMBER 2016: Wool is seen here running through a textile calender machine which polishes the surface of the fabric and makes it smoother and more glossy, in the Lanificio Leo woolen mill in Soveria Mannelli, Italy, on November 17th 2016.<br />
<br />
Lanificio Leo was the first and last machine-operated woolen mill of Calabria, founded in 1873, it employed 50 people until the 1970s, when national policies to develop Italy’s South cut out small businesses and encouraged larger productions or employment in the public administration.<br />
<br />
The woolen mill was on stand-by for about two decades, until Emilio Salvatore Leo, 41, started inviting international designers and artists to summer residencies in Soveria Mannelli. With their inspiration, he tried to envision a future for his mill and his town that was not of a museum of the past,<br />
Over the years, Mr. Leo transformed his family’s industrial converter of Calabrian wool into a brand that makes design products for home and wear. His century old machines now weave wool from Australia or New Zealand, cashmere from Nepal and cotton from Egypt or South America. He calls it a “start-up on scrap metals,” referring to the dozens of different looms that his family acquired over the years.<br />
<br />
Soveria Mannelli is a mountain-top village in the southern region of Calabria that counts 3,070 inhabitants. The town was a strategic outpost until the 1970s, when the main artery road from Naples area to Italy’s south-western tip, Reggio Calabria went through the town. But once the government started building a motorway miles away, it was cut out from the fastest communications and from the most ambitious plans to develop Italy’s South. Instead of despairing, residents benefited of the geographical disadvantage to keep away the mafia infiltrations, and started creating solid businesses thanks to its administrative stability, its forward-thinking mayors and a vibrant entrepreneurship numbering a national, medium-siz
    CIPG_20161117_SoveriaMannelli_5M3_66...jpg
  • SOVERIA MANNELLI, ITALY - 17 NOVEMBER 2016: Peppino Leo (95), father of entreprepeneur and heir Emilio Salvatore Leo, poses for a portrait in the historic family business Lanificio Leo in Soveria Mannelli, Italy, on November 17th 2016.<br />
<br />
Lanificio Leo was the first and last machine-operated woolen mill of Calabria, founded in 1873, it employed 50 people until the 1970s, when national policies to develop Italy’s South cut out small businesses and encouraged larger productions or employment in the public administration.<br />
<br />
The woolen mill was on stand-by for about two decades, until Emilio Salvatore Leo, 41, started inviting international designers and artists to summer residencies in Soveria Mannelli. With their inspiration, he tried to envision a future for his mill and his town that was not of a museum of the past,<br />
Over the years, Mr. Leo transformed his family’s industrial converter of Calabrian wool into a brand that makes design products for home and wear. His century old machines now weave wool from Australia or New Zealand, cashmere from Nepal and cotton from Egypt or South America. He calls it a “start-up on scrap metals,” referring to the dozens of different looms that his family acquired over the years.<br />
<br />
Soveria Mannelli is a mountain-top village in the southern region of Calabria that counts 3,070 inhabitants. The town was a strategic outpost until the 1970s, when the main artery road from Naples area to Italy’s south-western tip, Reggio Calabria went through the town. But once the government started building a motorway miles away, it was cut out from the fastest communications and from the most ambitious plans to develop Italy’s South. Instead of despairing, residents benefited of the geographical disadvantage to keep away the mafia infiltrations, and started creating solid businesses thanks to its administrative stability, its forward-thinking mayors and a vibrant entrepreneurship numbering a national, medium-sized publishing house, a leading sc
    CIPG_20161117_SoveriaMannelli_5M3_66...jpg
  • SOVERIA MANNELLI, ITALY - 17 NOVEMBER 2016: Woolen clothing items are dried on the rooftop of the Lanificio Leo woolen mill here in Soveria Mannelli, Italy, on November 17th 2016.<br />
<br />
Lanificio Leo was the first and last machine-operated woolen mill of Calabria, founded in 1873, it employed 50 people until the 1970s, when national policies to develop Italy’s South cut out small businesses and encouraged larger productions or employment in the public administration.<br />
<br />
The woolen mill was on stand-by for about two decades, until Emilio Salvatore Leo, 41, started inviting international designers and artists to summer residencies in Soveria Mannelli. With their inspiration, he tried to envision a future for his mill and his town that was not of a museum of the past,<br />
Over the years, Mr. Leo transformed his family’s industrial converter of Calabrian wool into a brand that makes design products for home and wear. His century old machines now weave wool from Australia or New Zealand, cashmere from Nepal and cotton from Egypt or South America. He calls it a “start-up on scrap metals,” referring to the dozens of different looms that his family acquired over the years.<br />
<br />
Soveria Mannelli is a mountain-top village in the southern region of Calabria that counts 3,070 inhabitants. The town was a strategic outpost until the 1970s, when the main artery road from Naples area to Italy’s south-western tip, Reggio Calabria went through the town. But once the government started building a motorway miles away, it was cut out from the fastest communications and from the most ambitious plans to develop Italy’s South. Instead of despairing, residents benefited of the geographical disadvantage to keep away the mafia infiltrations, and started creating solid businesses thanks to its administrative stability, its forward-thinking mayors and a vibrant entrepreneurship numbering a national, medium-sized publishing house, a leading school furniture manufacturer and an ancient woolen mill.
    CIPG_20161117_SoveriaMannelli_5M3_65...jpg
  • SOVERIA MANNELLI, ITALY - 17 NOVEMBER 2016: A woman makes a scarf here in the textile workshop of the Lanificio Leo woolen mill in Soveria Mannelli, Italy, on November 17th 2016.<br />
<br />
Lanificio Leo was the first and last machine-operated woolen mill of Calabria, founded in 1873, it employed 50 people until the 1970s, when national policies to develop Italy’s South cut out small businesses and encouraged larger productions or employment in the public administration.<br />
<br />
The woolen mill was on stand-by for about two decades, until Emilio Salvatore Leo, 41, started inviting international designers and artists to summer residencies in Soveria Mannelli. With their inspiration, he tried to envision a future for his mill and his town that was not of a museum of the past,<br />
Over the years, Mr. Leo transformed his family’s industrial converter of Calabrian wool into a brand that makes design products for home and wear. His century old machines now weave wool from Australia or New Zealand, cashmere from Nepal and cotton from Egypt or South America. He calls it a “start-up on scrap metals,” referring to the dozens of different looms that his family acquired over the years.<br />
<br />
Soveria Mannelli is a mountain-top village in the southern region of Calabria that counts 3,070 inhabitants. The town was a strategic outpost until the 1970s, when the main artery road from Naples area to Italy’s south-western tip, Reggio Calabria went through the town. But once the government started building a motorway miles away, it was cut out from the fastest communications and from the most ambitious plans to develop Italy’s South. Instead of despairing, residents benefited of the geographical disadvantage to keep away the mafia infiltrations, and started creating solid businesses thanks to its administrative stability, its forward-thinking mayors and a vibrant entrepreneurship numbering a national, medium-sized publishing house, a leading school furniture manufacturer and an ancient woolen mill.
    CIPG_20161117_SoveriaMannelli_5M3_65...jpg
  • SOVERIA MANNELLI, ITALY - 17 NOVEMBER 2016: A woman is a work here in the textile workshop of the Lanificio Leo woolen mill in Soveria Mannelli, Italy, on November 17th 2016.<br />
<br />
Lanificio Leo was the first and last machine-operated woolen mill of Calabria, founded in 1873, it employed 50 people until the 1970s, when national policies to develop Italy’s South cut out small businesses and encouraged larger productions or employment in the public administration.<br />
<br />
The woolen mill was on stand-by for about two decades, until Emilio Salvatore Leo, 41, started inviting international designers and artists to summer residencies in Soveria Mannelli. With their inspiration, he tried to envision a future for his mill and his town that was not of a museum of the past,<br />
Over the years, Mr. Leo transformed his family’s industrial converter of Calabrian wool into a brand that makes design products for home and wear. His century old machines now weave wool from Australia or New Zealand, cashmere from Nepal and cotton from Egypt or South America. He calls it a “start-up on scrap metals,” referring to the dozens of different looms that his family acquired over the years.<br />
<br />
Soveria Mannelli is a mountain-top village in the southern region of Calabria that counts 3,070 inhabitants. The town was a strategic outpost until the 1970s, when the main artery road from Naples area to Italy’s south-western tip, Reggio Calabria went through the town. But once the government started building a motorway miles away, it was cut out from the fastest communications and from the most ambitious plans to develop Italy’s South. Instead of despairing, residents benefited of the geographical disadvantage to keep away the mafia infiltrations, and started creating solid businesses thanks to its administrative stability, its forward-thinking mayors and a vibrant entrepreneurship numbering a national, medium-sized publishing house, a leading school furniture manufacturer and an ancient woolen mill.
    CIPG_20161117_SoveriaMannelli_5M3_65...jpg
  • SOVERIA MANNELLI, ITALY - 17 NOVEMBER 2016: Emilio Salvatore Leo (41), entrepreneur and heir of the woolen mill and historic family business Lanificio Leo, poses for a portrait by a Jacquard loom (a power loom that simplifies  the process of making textiles) in Soveria Mannelli, Italy, on November 17th 2016.<br />
<br />
Lanificio Leo was the first and last machine-operated woolen mill of Calabria, founded in 1873, it employed 50 people until the 1970s, when national policies to develop Italy’s South cut out small businesses and encouraged larger productions or employment in the public administration.<br />
<br />
The woolen mill was on stand-by for about two decades, until Emilio Salvatore Leo, 41, started inviting international designers and artists to summer residencies in Soveria Mannelli. With their inspiration, he tried to envision a future for his mill and his town that was not of a museum of the past,<br />
Over the years, Mr. Leo transformed his family’s industrial converter of Calabrian wool into a brand that makes design products for home and wear. His century old machines now weave wool from Australia or New Zealand, cashmere from Nepal and cotton from Egypt or South America. He calls it a “start-up on scrap metals,” referring to the dozens of different looms that his family acquired over the years.<br />
<br />
Soveria Mannelli is a mountain-top village in the southern region of Calabria that counts 3,070 inhabitants. The town was a strategic outpost until the 1970s, when the main artery road from Naples area to Italy’s south-western tip, Reggio Calabria went through the town. But once the government started building a motorway miles away, it was cut out from the fastest communications and from the most ambitious plans to develop Italy’s South. Instead of despairing, residents benefited of the geographical disadvantage to keep away the mafia infiltrations, and started creating solid businesses thanks to its administrative stability, its forward-thinking mayors and a vibrant entrepre
    CIPG_20161117_SoveriaMannelli_5M3_64...jpg
  • SOVERIA MANNELLI, ITALY - 17 NOVEMBER 2016: Emilio Salvatore Leo (41), entrepreneur and heir of the woolen mill and historic family business Lanificio Leo, poses for a portrait by an old warping mill in Soveria Mannelli, Italy, on November 17th 2016.<br />
<br />
Lanificio Leo was the first and last machine-operated woolen mill of Calabria, founded in 1873, it employed 50 people until the 1970s, when national policies to develop Italy’s South cut out small businesses and encouraged larger productions or employment in the public administration.<br />
<br />
The woolen mill was on stand-by for about two decades, until Emilio Salvatore Leo, 41, started inviting international designers and artists to summer residencies in Soveria Mannelli. With their inspiration, he tried to envision a future for his mill and his town that was not of a museum of the past,<br />
Over the years, Mr. Leo transformed his family’s industrial converter of Calabrian wool into a brand that makes design products for home and wear. His century old machines now weave wool from Australia or New Zealand, cashmere from Nepal and cotton from Egypt or South America. He calls it a “start-up on scrap metals,” referring to the dozens of different looms that his family acquired over the years.<br />
<br />
Soveria Mannelli is a mountain-top village in the southern region of Calabria that counts 3,070 inhabitants. The town was a strategic outpost until the 1970s, when the main artery road from Naples area to Italy’s south-western tip, Reggio Calabria went through the town. But once the government started building a motorway miles away, it was cut out from the fastest communications and from the most ambitious plans to develop Italy’s South. Instead of despairing, residents benefited of the geographical disadvantage to keep away the mafia infiltrations, and started creating solid businesses thanks to its administrative stability, its forward-thinking mayors and a vibrant entrepreneurship numbering a national, medium-sized publishing hous
    CIPG_20161117_SoveriaMannelli_5M3_63...jpg
  • SOVERIA MANNELLI, ITALY - 17 NOVEMBER 2016: Emilio Salvatore Leo (41), entrepreneur and heir of the woolen mill and historic family business Lanificio Leo, poses for a portrait by an old warping mill in Soveria Mannelli, Italy, on November 17th 2016.<br />
<br />
Lanificio Leo was the first and last machine-operated woolen mill of Calabria, founded in 1873, it employed 50 people until the 1970s, when national policies to develop Italy’s South cut out small businesses and encouraged larger productions or employment in the public administration.<br />
<br />
The woolen mill was on stand-by for about two decades, until Emilio Salvatore Leo, 41, started inviting international designers and artists to summer residencies in Soveria Mannelli. With their inspiration, he tried to envision a future for his mill and his town that was not of a museum of the past,<br />
Over the years, Mr. Leo transformed his family’s industrial converter of Calabrian wool into a brand that makes design products for home and wear. His century old machines now weave wool from Australia or New Zealand, cashmere from Nepal and cotton from Egypt or South America. He calls it a “start-up on scrap metals,” referring to the dozens of different looms that his family acquired over the years.<br />
<br />
Soveria Mannelli is a mountain-top village in the southern region of Calabria that counts 3,070 inhabitants. The town was a strategic outpost until the 1970s, when the main artery road from Naples area to Italy’s south-western tip, Reggio Calabria went through the town. But once the government started building a motorway miles away, it was cut out from the fastest communications and from the most ambitious plans to develop Italy’s South. Instead of despairing, residents benefited of the geographical disadvantage to keep away the mafia infiltrations, and started creating solid businesses thanks to its administrative stability, its forward-thinking mayors and a vibrant entrepreneurship numbering a national, medium-sized publishing hous
    CIPG_20161117_SoveriaMannelli_5M3_63...jpg
  • SOVERIA MANNELLI, ITALY - 17 NOVEMBER 2016: A Jacquard loom (a power loom that simplifies  the process of making textiles) is seen here at the Lanificio Leo woolen mill in Soveria Mannelli, Italy, on November 17th 2016.<br />
<br />
Lanificio Leo was the first and last machine-operated woolen mill of Calabria, founded in 1873, it employed 50 people until the 1970s, when national policies to develop Italy’s South cut out small businesses and encouraged larger productions or employment in the public administration.<br />
<br />
The woolen mill was on stand-by for about two decades, until Emilio Salvatore Leo, 41, started inviting international designers and artists to summer residencies in Soveria Mannelli. With their inspiration, he tried to envision a future for his mill and his town that was not of a museum of the past,<br />
Over the years, Mr. Leo transformed his family’s industrial converter of Calabrian wool into a brand that makes design products for home and wear. His century old machines now weave wool from Australia or New Zealand, cashmere from Nepal and cotton from Egypt or South America. He calls it a “start-up on scrap metals,” referring to the dozens of different looms that his family acquired over the years.<br />
<br />
Soveria Mannelli is a mountain-top village in the southern region of Calabria that counts 3,070 inhabitants. The town was a strategic outpost until the 1970s, when the main artery road from Naples area to Italy’s south-western tip, Reggio Calabria went through the town. But once the government started building a motorway miles away, it was cut out from the fastest communications and from the most ambitious plans to develop Italy’s South. Instead of despairing, residents benefited of the geographical disadvantage to keep away the mafia infiltrations, and started creating solid businesses thanks to its administrative stability, its forward-thinking mayors and a vibrant entrepreneurship numbering a national, medium-sized publishing house, a leading school furniture m
    CIPG_20161117_SoveriaMannelli_5M3_63...jpg
  • SOVERIA MANNELLI, ITALY - 17 NOVEMBER 2016: Wool is seen here running through a textile calender machine which polishes the surface of the fabric and makes it smoother and more glossy, in the Lanificio Leo woolen mill in Soveria Mannelli, Italy, on November 17th 2016.<br />
<br />
Lanificio Leo was the first and last machine-operated woolen mill of Calabria, founded in 1873, it employed 50 people until the 1970s, when national policies to develop Italy’s South cut out small businesses and encouraged larger productions or employment in the public administration.<br />
<br />
The woolen mill was on stand-by for about two decades, until Emilio Salvatore Leo, 41, started inviting international designers and artists to summer residencies in Soveria Mannelli. With their inspiration, he tried to envision a future for his mill and his town that was not of a museum of the past,<br />
Over the years, Mr. Leo transformed his family’s industrial converter of Calabrian wool into a brand that makes design products for home and wear. His century old machines now weave wool from Australia or New Zealand, cashmere from Nepal and cotton from Egypt or South America. He calls it a “start-up on scrap metals,” referring to the dozens of different looms that his family acquired over the years.<br />
<br />
Soveria Mannelli is a mountain-top village in the southern region of Calabria that counts 3,070 inhabitants. The town was a strategic outpost until the 1970s, when the main artery road from Naples area to Italy’s south-western tip, Reggio Calabria went through the town. But once the government started building a motorway miles away, it was cut out from the fastest communications and from the most ambitious plans to develop Italy’s South. Instead of despairing, residents benefited of the geographical disadvantage to keep away the mafia infiltrations, and started creating solid businesses thanks to its administrative stability, its forward-thinking mayors and a vibrant entrepreneurship numbering a national, medium-siz
    CIPG_20161117_SoveriaMannelli_5M3_63...jpg
  • SOVERIA MANNELLI, ITALY - 17 NOVEMBER 2016: Wool is seen here running through a textile calender machine which polishes the surface of the fabric and makes it smoother and more glossy, in the Lanificio Leo woolen mill in Soveria Mannelli, Italy, on November 17th 2016.<br />
<br />
Lanificio Leo was the first and last machine-operated woolen mill of Calabria, founded in 1873, it employed 50 people until the 1970s, when national policies to develop Italy’s South cut out small businesses and encouraged larger productions or employment in the public administration.<br />
<br />
The woolen mill was on stand-by for about two decades, until Emilio Salvatore Leo, 41, started inviting international designers and artists to summer residencies in Soveria Mannelli. With their inspiration, he tried to envision a future for his mill and his town that was not of a museum of the past,<br />
Over the years, Mr. Leo transformed his family’s industrial converter of Calabrian wool into a brand that makes design products for home and wear. His century old machines now weave wool from Australia or New Zealand, cashmere from Nepal and cotton from Egypt or South America. He calls it a “start-up on scrap metals,” referring to the dozens of different looms that his family acquired over the years.<br />
<br />
Soveria Mannelli is a mountain-top village in the southern region of Calabria that counts 3,070 inhabitants. The town was a strategic outpost until the 1970s, when the main artery road from Naples area to Italy’s south-western tip, Reggio Calabria went through the town. But once the government started building a motorway miles away, it was cut out from the fastest communications and from the most ambitious plans to develop Italy’s South. Instead of despairing, residents benefited of the geographical disadvantage to keep away the mafia infiltrations, and started creating solid businesses thanks to its administrative stability, its forward-thinking mayors and a vibrant entrepreneurship numbering a national, medium-siz
    CIPG_20161117_SoveriaMannelli_5M3_66...jpg
  • SOVERIA MANNELLI, ITALY - 17 NOVEMBER 2016: Peppino Leo (95), father of entreprepeneur and heir Emilio Salvatore Leo, poses for a portrait in the historic family business Lanificio Leo in Soveria Mannelli, Italy, on November 17th 2016.<br />
<br />
Lanificio Leo was the first and last machine-operated woolen mill of Calabria, founded in 1873, it employed 50 people until the 1970s, when national policies to develop Italy’s South cut out small businesses and encouraged larger productions or employment in the public administration.<br />
<br />
The woolen mill was on stand-by for about two decades, until Emilio Salvatore Leo, 41, started inviting international designers and artists to summer residencies in Soveria Mannelli. With their inspiration, he tried to envision a future for his mill and his town that was not of a museum of the past,<br />
Over the years, Mr. Leo transformed his family’s industrial converter of Calabrian wool into a brand that makes design products for home and wear. His century old machines now weave wool from Australia or New Zealand, cashmere from Nepal and cotton from Egypt or South America. He calls it a “start-up on scrap metals,” referring to the dozens of different looms that his family acquired over the years.<br />
<br />
Soveria Mannelli is a mountain-top village in the southern region of Calabria that counts 3,070 inhabitants. The town was a strategic outpost until the 1970s, when the main artery road from Naples area to Italy’s south-western tip, Reggio Calabria went through the town. But once the government started building a motorway miles away, it was cut out from the fastest communications and from the most ambitious plans to develop Italy’s South. Instead of despairing, residents benefited of the geographical disadvantage to keep away the mafia infiltrations, and started creating solid businesses thanks to its administrative stability, its forward-thinking mayors and a vibrant entrepreneurship numbering a national, medium-sized publishing house, a leading sc
    CIPG_20161117_SoveriaMannelli_5M3_66...jpg
  • SOVERIA MANNELLI, ITALY - 17 NOVEMBER 2016: Woolen clothing items are dried on the rooftop of the Lanificio Leo woolen mill here in Soveria Mannelli, Italy, on November 17th 2016.<br />
<br />
Lanificio Leo was the first and last machine-operated woolen mill of Calabria, founded in 1873, it employed 50 people until the 1970s, when national policies to develop Italy’s South cut out small businesses and encouraged larger productions or employment in the public administration.<br />
<br />
The woolen mill was on stand-by for about two decades, until Emilio Salvatore Leo, 41, started inviting international designers and artists to summer residencies in Soveria Mannelli. With their inspiration, he tried to envision a future for his mill and his town that was not of a museum of the past,<br />
Over the years, Mr. Leo transformed his family’s industrial converter of Calabrian wool into a brand that makes design products for home and wear. His century old machines now weave wool from Australia or New Zealand, cashmere from Nepal and cotton from Egypt or South America. He calls it a “start-up on scrap metals,” referring to the dozens of different looms that his family acquired over the years.<br />
<br />
Soveria Mannelli is a mountain-top village in the southern region of Calabria that counts 3,070 inhabitants. The town was a strategic outpost until the 1970s, when the main artery road from Naples area to Italy’s south-western tip, Reggio Calabria went through the town. But once the government started building a motorway miles away, it was cut out from the fastest communications and from the most ambitious plans to develop Italy’s South. Instead of despairing, residents benefited of the geographical disadvantage to keep away the mafia infiltrations, and started creating solid businesses thanks to its administrative stability, its forward-thinking mayors and a vibrant entrepreneurship numbering a national, medium-sized publishing house, a leading school furniture manufacturer and an ancient woolen mill.
    CIPG_20161117_SoveriaMannelli_5M3_65...jpg
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