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  • Catanzaro, Italy - 3 September, 2012: The president of Calabria region Giuseppe Scopelliti, 44, sits on a couch by his office in Catanzaro, Italy, on September 3rd, 2012. Mr Scopelliti from the People of Liberty party of the former prime minister, Silvio Berlusconi, is appealing a first-degree sentence in a corruption case and is under investigation on four separate charge.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120903_NYT_Calabria__MG_0382.jpg
  • Catanzaro, Italy - 3 September, 2012: The president of Calabria region Giuseppe Scopelliti, 44, sits on a couch by his office in Catanzaro, Italy, on September 3rd, 2012. Mr Scopelliti from the People of Liberty party of the former prime minister, Silvio Berlusconi, is appealing a first-degree sentence in a corruption case and is under investigation on four separate charge.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120903_NYT_Calabria__MG_0337.jpg
  • Catanzaro, Italy - 3 September, 2012: The president of Calabria region Giuseppe Scopelliti, 44, sits on a couch by his office in Catanzaro, Italy, on September 3rd, 2012. Mr Scopelliti from the People of Liberty party of the former prime minister, Silvio Berlusconi, is appealing a first-degree sentence in a corruption case and is under investigation on four separate charge.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120903_NYT_Calabria__MG_0386.jpg
  • Rosarno, Italy - 31 August, 2012: Antonio Pioli, 62, the father of Fabrizio Pioli, a 38 years old man who was killed in February 2012 and whose body is still missing in  Rosano, Italy, a mafia stronghold on August 31, 2012. Fabrizio Pioli was apparently killed by the family of Simona Napoli, the married woman who Fabrizio had an affair with and whose father is a fugitive mafia boss.<br />
<br />
Rosarno is an agricultural area best known for the violent race riots that erupted here in January 2010. and for being a hotbed of the 'Ndrangheta, a Mafia-type criminal organisation based in Calabria. The local 'Ndrangheta dominates the fruit and vegetable businesses in the area, according to Francesco Forgione, a former head of Italy's parliamentary Antimafia Commission. In December 2008, the entire town council was dissolved on orders from the central government and replaced by a prefectoral commissioner because it had been infiltrated by 'Ndrangheta members and their known associates.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120831_NYT_Calabria__MG_9220.jpg
  • Gioia Tauro, Italy - 31 August, 2012: Mayor of Gioia Tauro Renato Bellofiore, 44, complains about the debt left by his predecessors, in Gioia Tauro, Italy, on August 31, 2012. Mr Bellofiore was elected in 2010 after the former mayor and deputy mayor, Giorgio Dal Torrione and Rosario Schiavone, were arrested on Mafia charges in 2008. Both had been forced to step down when the city council was dissolved on suspicion of Mafia infiltration. Gioia Tauro is a city of 19,000 people built on an ancient Greek necrapolis and that today has the largest seaport in Italy and the sevent largest container port in Europe with its extension of 4,646 meters. Because the port is not connected to adeguate roads or rails, the ships mostly transfer containers to smaller vessels and little economic activity stays local. To authorities, the port is best known as the first point of entry for most of the cocaine that enters Europe from South America. In a routine rais earlier this month, authorities seized 176 kilos of pure cocaine with an estimated street value of 38 million euros.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120831_NYT_Calabria__MG_8899.jpg
  • Reggio Calabria, Italy - 31 August, 2012: A man walks up the escalator of the Courthouse in Reggio Calabria, Italy, on August 31, 2012. The Libri gang of Reggio Calabria has managed to infiltrate even the construction of the new palace of justice, not through the traditional system of bribes, but by legally signing for the delivery of services and labor that was controlled and taxed by the mob.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120831_NYT_Calabria__MG_8834.jpg
  • Reggio Calabria, Italy - 31 August, 2012: Anti-mafia prosecutor of Reggio Calabria Nicola Gratteri, 54, is here in his armored office in the courthouse of Reggio Calabria, Italy, on August 31, 2012. In June Mr Gratteri found out about a plot to kill him. A mafia boss-turned-state witness had confessed that a prominent family belonging to the Calabrian mafia ‘Ndrangheta had recently purchased 36 pounds of plastic explosives, with which they’d planned to blow up Gratteri and his security escort.<br />
<br />
The Libri gang of Reggio Calabria has managed to infiltrate even the construction of the new palace of justice, not through the traditional system of bribes, but by legally signing for the delivery of services and labor that was controlled and taxed by the mob.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120831_NYT_Calabria__MG_8705.jpg
  • Reggio Calabria, Italy - 30 August, 2012: President of the Province of Reggio Calabria Giuseppe Raffa, 53, smokes a sigarette in his office in Reggio Calabria, Italy, on August 30, 2012.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120830_NYT_Calabria__MG_8487.jpg
  • Polsi, Italy - 2 September, 2012: Pilgrims and a caribienere in high uniform, one of Italy's armed forces, wait for the end of the mass by the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi under the supervision of the Italian Army to start the religious procession in Polsi, a mafia stronghold in Calabria, Italy, on September 2nd, 2012. <br />
<br />
The Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, also known as the Sanctuary of Santa Maria di Polsi or Our lady of the Mountain, is a Christian sanctuary in the heart of the Aspromonte mountains, near San Luca in Calabria. The chiefs of the Calabrian criminal consortium, the 'Ndrangheta, have held annual meetings at the Sanctuary. According to the pentito Cesare Polifroni – a former member turned state witness – at these meetings, every boss must give account of all the activities carried out during the year and of all the most important facts taking place in his territory such as kidnappings, homicides, etc.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120902_NYT_Calabria__MG_9981.jpg
  • Polsi, Italy - 2 September, 2012: Francesco, 15, and Giuseppe, 14, play accordion and tambourine on their way back from the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, a mafia stronghold in Calabria, Italy, on September 2nd, 2012. <br />
The Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, also known as the Sanctuary of Santa Maria di Polsi or Our lady of the Mountain, is a Christian sanctuary in the heart of the Aspromonte mountains, near San Luca in Calabria. The chiefs of the Calabrian criminal consortium, the 'Ndrangheta, have held annual meetings at the Sanctuary. According to the pentito Cesare Polifroni – a former member turned state witness – at these meetings, every boss must give account of all the activities carried out during the year and of all the most important facts taking place in his territory such as kidnappings, homicides, etc.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120902_NYT_Calabria__MG_9765.jpg
  • Polsi, Italy - 2 September, 2012: A truck decorated with an image of Our Lady of Polsi (or Our Lady of the Mountain) is seen here on the street that leads to the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, a mafia stronghold in Calabria, Italy, on September 2nd, 2012. <br />
<br />
The Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, also known as the Sanctuary of Santa Maria di Polsi or Our lady of the Mountain, is a Christian sanctuary in the heart of the Aspromonte mountains, near San Luca in Calabria. The chiefs of the Calabrian criminal consortium, the 'Ndrangheta, have held annual meetings at the Sanctuary. According to the pentito Cesare Polifroni – a former member turned state witness – at these meetings, every boss must give account of all the activities carried out during the year and of all the most important facts taking place in his territory such as kidnappings, homicides, etc.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120902_NYT_Calabria__MG_9737.jpg
  • San Luca, Italy - 2 September, 2012: An unfinished home is seen here in San Luca, a mafia stronghold in Calabria, Italy, on September 2nd, 2012. San Luca, in the words of a study published in 2005 by Italy's domestic intelligence service, is the cradle of the 'Ndrangheta and its epicentre. The unfinished concrete buildings, which are very common throughout Calabria, are the result of the inability to go beyond the merely useful, creating functionality without regard for form.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120902_NYT_Calabria__MG_9664.jpg
  • San Luca, Italy - 2 September, 2012: An unfinished home is seen here in San Luca, a mafia stronghold in Calabria, Italy, on September 2nd, 2012. San Luca, in the words of a study published in 2005 by Italy's domestic intelligence service, is the cradle of the 'Ndrangheta and its epicentre. The unfinished concrete buildings, which are very common throughout Calabria, are the result of the inability to go beyond the merely useful, creating functionality without regard for form.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120902_NYT_Calabria__MG_9659.jpg
  • Reggio Calabria, Italy - 1 September, 2012: An ad for a jewelry store is seen here in Polistena, a town in the mountainside of Aspromonte, a mountain massif which mean "rough mountains", so named by the farmers who found its steep terrain and rocky soil difficult to cultivate. in Polistena, Italy, on September 1st, 2012.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120901_NYT_Calabria__MG_9647.jpg
  • Rosarno, Italy - 31 August, 2012: One of the hundreds of unshinished concrete buildings is here in Rosarno, Italy, a mafia stronghold on August 31, 2012. The unfinished concrete buildings, which are very common throughout Calabria, are the result of the inability to go beyond the merely useful, creating functionality without regard for form.<br />
<br />
Rosarno is an agricultural area best known for the violent race riots that erupted here in January 2010. and for being a hotbed of the 'Ndrangheta, a Mafia-type criminal organisation based in Calabria. The local 'Ndrangheta dominates the fruit and vegetable businesses in the area, according to Francesco Forgione, a former head of Italy's parliamentary Antimafia Commission. In December 2008, the entire town council was dissolved on orders from the central government and replaced by a prefectoral commissioner because it had been infiltrated by 'Ndrangheta members and their known associates.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120831_NYT_Calabria__MG_9141.jpg
  • Reggio Calabria, Italy - 31 August, 2012: A carabiniere, one of Italy's armed forces, adjusts a fan by his desk in front of the elevator which leads to the floor of the office of anti-mafia prosecutor Nicola Gratteri in the courthouse of Reggio Calabria, Italy, on August 31, 2012. In June Mr Gratteri found out about a plot to kill him. A mafia boss-turned-state witness had confessed that a prominent family belonging to the Calabrian mafia ‘Ndrangheta had recently purchased 36 pounds of plastic explosives, with which they’d planned to blow up Gratteri and his security escort.<br />
<br />
The Libri gang of Reggio Calabria has managed to infiltrate even the construction of the new palace of justice, not through the traditional system of bribes, but by legally signing for the delivery of services and labor that was controlled and taxed by the mob.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120831_NYT_Calabria__MG_8802.jpg
  • Castellace di Oppido Mamertina, Italy - 3 September, 2012: Francesco, a 32 years old worker for the non-profit organization Libera Terra, removes the burned roots of olive trees set on fire by the 'Ndrangheta (a Mafia-type criminal organisation based in Calabria) with a crane, 3 days after a digger was set on fire in the same field in Castellace di Oppido Mamertina, Italy, on September 3rd, 2012. Libera terra, which is a non profit organisation uses the land that has been confiscated to mafia bosses to produce a range of organic foods and wines, including olive oil, pasta, marmalades, jams, legumes and preserves as well as a large selection of typically southern Italian produce.<br />
<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120903_NYT_Calabria__MG_0279.jpg
  • Castellace di Oppido Mamertina, Italy - 3 September, 2012: Francesco, a 32 years old worker for the non-profit organization Libera Terra, removes the burned roots of olive trees set on fire by the 'Ndrangheta (a Mafia-type criminal organisation based in Calabria) with a crane, 3 days after a digger was set on fire in the same field in Castellace di Oppido Mamertina, Italy, on September 3rd, 2012. Libera terra, which is a non profit organisation uses the land that has been confiscated to mafia bosses to produce a range of organic foods and wines, including olive oil, pasta, marmalades, jams, legumes and preserves as well as a large selection of typically southern Italian produce.<br />
<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120903_NYT_Calabria__MG_0241.jpg
  • Castellace di Oppido Mamertina, Italy - 3 September, 2012: Francesco, a 32 years old worker for the non-profit organization Libera Terra, removes the burned roots of olive trees set on fire by the 'Ndrangheta (a Mafia-type criminal organisation based in Calabria) with a crane, 3 days after a digger was set on fire in the same field in Castellace di Oppido Mamertina, Italy, on September 3rd, 2012. Libera terra, which is a non profit organisation uses the land that has been confiscated to mafia bosses to produce a range of organic foods and wines, including olive oil, pasta, marmalades, jams, legumes and preserves as well as a large selection of typically southern Italian produce.<br />
<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120903_NYT_Calabria__MG_0179.jpg
  • Polsi, Italy - 2 September, 2012: Pilgrims and a local band waits for the end of the mass by the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi to  start the religious procession in Polsi, a mafia stronghold in Calabria, Italy, on September 2nd, 2012. <br />
The Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, also known as the Sanctuary of Santa Maria di Polsi or Our lady of the Mountain, is a Christian sanctuary in the heart of the Aspromonte mountains, near San Luca in Calabria. The chiefs of the Calabrian criminal consortium, the 'Ndrangheta, have held annual meetings at the Sanctuary. According to the pentito Cesare Polifroni – a former member turned state witness – at these meetings, every boss must give account of all the activities carried out during the year and of all the most important facts taking place in his territory such as kidnappings, homicides, etc.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120902_NYT_Calabria__MG_9950.jpg
  • Polsi, Italy - 2 September, 2012: Pilgrims gather outside the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, a mafia stronghold in Calabria, Italy, on September 2nd, 2012. <br />
<br />
The Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, also known as the Sanctuary of Santa Maria di Polsi or Our lady of the Mountain, is a Christian sanctuary in the heart of the Aspromonte mountains, near San Luca in Calabria. The chiefs of the Calabrian criminal consortium, the 'Ndrangheta, have held annual meetings at the Sanctuary. According to the pentito Cesare Polifroni – a former member turned state witness – at these meetings, every boss must give account of all the activities carried out during the year and of all the most important facts taking place in his territory such as kidnappings, homicides, etc.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120902_NYT_Calabria__MG_9929.jpg
  • Polsi, Italy - 2 September, 2012: Three men overlook Polsi with its  church and monastery that are situated at the bottom of a gorge at an altitude of 865 metres surrounded by the high Aspromonte mountain in Polsi, a mafia stronghold in Calabria, Italy, on September 2nd, 2012. The  sanctuary, could only reached by foot until a 3 years ago. <br />
<br />
The Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, also known as the Sanctuary of Santa Maria di Polsi or Our lady of the Mountain, is a Christian sanctuary in the heart of the Aspromonte mountains, near San Luca in Calabria. The chiefs of the Calabrian criminal consortium, the 'Ndrangheta, have held annual meetings at the Sanctuary. According to the pentito Cesare Polifroni – a former member turned state witness – at these meetings, every boss must give account of all the activities carried out during the year and of all the most important facts taking place in his territory such as kidnappings, homicides, etc.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120902_NYT_Calabria__MG_9783.jpg
  • Polsi, Italy - 2 September, 2012: A mist-shrouded street in the Aspromonte mountain leads to the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, a mafia stronghold in Calabria, Italy, on September 2nd, 2012. Aspromonte is a mountain massif which mean "rough mountains", so named by the farmers who found its steep terrain and rocky soil difficult to cultivate<br />
<br />
The Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, also known as the Sanctuary of Santa Maria di Polsi or Our lady of the Mountain, is a Christian sanctuary in the heart of the Aspromonte mountains, near San Luca in Calabria. The chiefs of the Calabrian criminal consortium, the 'Ndrangheta, have held annual meetings at the Sanctuary. According to the pentito Cesare Polifroni – a former member turned state witness – at these meetings, every boss must give account of all the activities carried out during the year and of all the most important facts taking place in his territory such as kidnappings, homicides, etc.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120902_NYT_Calabria__MG_9701.jpg
  • San Luca, Italy - 2 September, 2012: View of the town of San Luca, a mafia stronghold in Calabria, Italy, on September 2nd, 2012. San Luca, in the words of a study published in 2005 by Italy's domestic intelligence service, is the cradle of the 'Ndrangheta and its epicentre.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120902_NYT_Calabria__MG_9654.jpg
  • Gioia Tauro, Italy -1 September, 2012: The view of the valley landscape of Gioia Tauro by the port (on the left) in Gioia Tauro, a mafia stronghold in Italy, on September 1st, 2012. <br />
<br />
The current mayor of Gioia Tauro, Renato Bellofiore, was elected in 2010 after the former mayor and deputy mayor, Giorgio Dal Torrione and Rosario Schiavone, were arrested on Mafia charges in 2008. Both had been forced to step down when the city council was dissolved on suspicion of Mafia infiltration. Gioia Tauro is a city of 19,000 people built on an ancient Greek necrapolis and that today has the largest seaport in Italy and the sevent largest container port in Europe with its extension of 4,646 meters. Because the port is not connected to adeguate roads or rails, the ships mostly transfer containers to smaller vessels and little economic activity stays local. To authorities, the port is best known as the first point of entry for most of the cocaine that enters Europe from South America. In a routine rais earlier this month, authorities seized 176 kilos of pure cocaine with an estimated street value of 38 million euros.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120901_NYT_Calabria__MG_9535.jpg
  • Gioia Tauro, Italy - 1 September, 2012: A Mercedes passes by on a hill overlooking the cemetery of Gioia Tauro (right), by the port in in Gioia Tauro, a mafia stronghold in Italy, on September 1st, 2012. <br />
<br />
The current mayor of Gioia Tauro, Renato Bellofiore, was elected in 2010 after the former mayor and deputy mayor, Giorgio Dal Torrione and Rosario Schiavone, were arrested on Mafia charges in 2008. Both had been forced to step down when the city council was dissolved on suspicion of Mafia infiltration. Gioia Tauro is a city of 19,000 people built on an ancient Greek necrapolis and that today has the largest seaport in Italy and the sevent largest container port in Europe with its extension of 4,646 meters. Because the port is not connected to adeguate roads or rails, the ships mostly transfer containers to smaller vessels and little economic activity stays local. To authorities, the port is best known as the first point of entry for most of the cocaine that enters Europe from South America. In a routine rais earlier this month, authorities seized 176 kilos of pure cocaine with an estimated street value of 38 million euros.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the b
    CIPG_20120901_NYT_Calabria__MG_9492.jpg
  • Rosarno, Italy - 1 September, 2012: An immigrant rides his bike in front of an unfinished home and a BMW car parked on the sidewalk of a bar in Rosarno, Italy, a mafia stronghold on September 1st, 2012.  The unfinished concrete buildings, which are very common throughout Calabria, are the result of the inability to go beyond the merely useful, creating functionality without regard for form.<br />
<br />
Rosarno is an agricultural area best known for the violent race riots that erupted here in January 2010. and for being a hotbed of the 'Ndrangheta, a Mafia-type criminal organisation based in Calabria. The local 'Ndrangheta dominates the fruit and vegetable businesses in the area, according to Francesco Forgione, a former head of Italy's parliamentary Antimafia Commission. In December 2008, the entire town council was dissolved on orders from the central government and replaced by a prefectoral commissioner because it had been infiltrated by 'Ndrangheta members and their known associates.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120901_NYT_Calabria__MG_9429.jpg
  • Reggio Calabria, Italy - 1 September, 2012: A car passes by some fields in Rosarno, Italy, a mafia stronghold on September 1st, 2012.<br />
<br />
Rosarno is an agricultural area best known for the violent race riots that erupted here in January 2010. and for being a hotbed of the 'Ndrangheta, a Mafia-type criminal organisation based in Calabria. The local 'Ndrangheta dominates the fruit and vegetable businesses in the area, according to Francesco Forgione, a former head of Italy's parliamentary Antimafia Commission. In December 2008, the entire town council was dissolved on orders from the central government and replaced by a prefectoral commissioner because it had been infiltrated by 'Ndrangheta members and their known associates.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120901_NYT_Calabria__MG_9347.jpg
  • Rosarno, Italy - 31 August, 2012: One of the hundreds of unshinished concrete buildings is here in Rosarno, Italy, a mafia stronghold on August 31, 2012. The unfinished concrete buildings, which are very common throughout Calabria, are the result of the inability to go beyond the merely useful, creating functionality without regard for form.<br />
<br />
Rosarno is an agricultural area best known for the violent race riots that erupted here in January 2010. and for being a hotbed of the 'Ndrangheta, a Mafia-type criminal organisation based in Calabria. The local 'Ndrangheta dominates the fruit and vegetable businesses in the area, according to Francesco Forgione, a former head of Italy's parliamentary Antimafia Commission. In December 2008, the entire town council was dissolved on orders from the central government and replaced by a prefectoral commissioner because it had been infiltrated by 'Ndrangheta members and their known associates.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120831_NYT_Calabria__MG_9087.jpg
  • Rosarno, Italy - 31 August, 2012: A truck selling religious and pagan plaster statues is here on the main street of Rosano, Italy, a mafia stronghold on August 31, 2012. <br />
<br />
Rosarno is an agricultural area best known for the violent race riots that erupted here in January 2010. and for being a hotbed of the 'Ndrangheta, a Mafia-type criminal organisation based in Calabria. The local 'Ndrangheta dominates the fruit and vegetable businesses in the area, according to Francesco Forgione, a former head of Italy's parliamentary Antimafia Commission. In December 2008, the entire town council was dissolved on orders from the central government and replaced by a prefectoral commissioner because it had been infiltrated by 'Ndrangheta members and their known associates.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120831_NYT_Calabria__MG_9034.jpg
  • Polsi, Italy - 2 September, 2012: Pilgrims gather in the square nearby Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, a mafia stronghold in Calabria, Italy, on September 2nd, 2012. <br />
The Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, also known as the Sanctuary of Santa Maria di Polsi or Our lady of the Mountain, is a Christian sanctuary in the heart of the Aspromonte mountains, near San Luca in Calabria. The chiefs of the Calabrian criminal consortium, the 'Ndrangheta, have held annual meetings at the Sanctuary. According to the pentito Cesare Polifroni – a former member turned state witness – at these meetings, every boss must give account of all the activities carried out during the year and of all the most important facts taking place in his territory such as kidnappings, homicides, etc.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120902_NYT_Calabria__MG_9880.jpg
  • Polsi, Italy - 2 September, 2012: Pilgrims sit on the wall by the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, a mafia stronghold in Calabria, Italy, on September 2nd, 2012. <br />
The Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, also known as the Sanctuary of Santa Maria di Polsi or Our lady of the Mountain, is a Christian sanctuary in the heart of the Aspromonte mountains, near San Luca in Calabria. The chiefs of the Calabrian criminal consortium, the 'Ndrangheta, have held annual meetings at the Sanctuary. According to the pentito Cesare Polifroni – a former member turned state witness – at these meetings, every boss must give account of all the activities carried out during the year and of all the most important facts taking place in his territory such as kidnappings, homicides, etc.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120902_NYT_Calabria__MG_9856.jpg
  • Polsi, Italy - 2 September, 2012: Young men sit in the trunk of pickup truck on their way back from their pilgrimage to the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, a mafia stronghold in Calabria, Italy, on September 2nd, 2012. <br />
The Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, also known as the Sanctuary of Santa Maria di Polsi or Our lady of the Mountain, is a Christian sanctuary in the heart of the Aspromonte mountains, near San Luca in Calabria. The chiefs of the Calabrian criminal consortium, the 'Ndrangheta, have held annual meetings at the Sanctuary. According to the pentito Cesare Polifroni – a former member turned state witness – at these meetings, every boss must give account of all the activities carried out during the year and of all the most important facts taking place in his territory such as kidnappings, homicides, etc.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120902_NYT_Calabria__MG_9849.jpg
  • Polsi, Italy - 2 September, 2012: A family stops for a brake before continuing their pilgrimage to the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, a mafia stronghold in Calabria, Italy, on September 2nd, 2012. <br />
The Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, also known as the Sanctuary of Santa Maria di Polsi or Our lady of the Mountain, is a Christian sanctuary in the heart of the Aspromonte mountains, near San Luca in Calabria. The chiefs of the Calabrian criminal consortium, the 'Ndrangheta, have held annual meetings at the Sanctuary. According to the pentito Cesare Polifroni – a former member turned state witness – at these meetings, every boss must give account of all the activities carried out during the year and of all the most important facts taking place in his territory such as kidnappings, homicides, etc.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120902_NYT_Calabria__MG_9840.jpg
  • Polsi, Italy - 2 September, 2012: A woman looks out the rear seat window of of a car on her way to the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, a mafia stronghold in Calabria, Italy, on September 2nd, 2012. <br />
The Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, also known as the Sanctuary of Santa Maria di Polsi or Our lady of the Mountain, is a Christian sanctuary in the heart of the Aspromonte mountains, near San Luca in Calabria. The chiefs of the Calabrian criminal consortium, the 'Ndrangheta, have held annual meetings at the Sanctuary. According to the pentito Cesare Polifroni – a former member turned state witness – at these meetings, every boss must give account of all the activities carried out during the year and of all the most important facts taking place in his territory such as kidnappings, homicides, etc.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120902_NYT_Calabria__MG_9837.jpg
  • Polsi, Italy - 2 September, 2012: A truck decorated with an image of Our Lady of Polsi (or Our Lady of the Mountain) returns from a pilgrimage to Polsi, a mafia stronghold in Calabria, Italy, on September 2nd, 2012.<br />
<br />
The Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, also known as the Sanctuary of Santa Maria di Polsi or Our lady of the Mountain, is a Christian sanctuary in the heart of the Aspromonte mountains, near San Luca in Calabria. The chiefs of the Calabrian criminal consortium, the 'Ndrangheta, have held annual meetings at the Sanctuary. According to the pentito Cesare Polifroni – a former member turned state witness – at these meetings, every boss must give account of all the activities carried out during the year and of all the most important facts taking place in his territory such as kidnappings, homicides, etc.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120902_NYT_Calabria__MG_9798.jpg
  • Polsi, Italy - 2 September, 2012: A mist-shrouded street in the Aspromonte mountain leads to the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, a mafia stronghold in Calabria, Italy, on September 2nd, 2012. Aspromonte is a mountain massif which mean "rough mountains", so named by the farmers who found its steep terrain and rocky soil difficult to cultivate<br />
<br />
The Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, also known as the Sanctuary of Santa Maria di Polsi or Our lady of the Mountain, is a Christian sanctuary in the heart of the Aspromonte mountains, near San Luca in Calabria. The chiefs of the Calabrian criminal consortium, the 'Ndrangheta, have held annual meetings at the Sanctuary. According to the pentito Cesare Polifroni – a former member turned state witness – at these meetings, every boss must give account of all the activities carried out during the year and of all the most important facts taking place in his territory such as kidnappings, homicides, etc.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120902_NYT_Calabria__MG_9692.jpg
  • Gambarie, Italy - 2 September, 2012: A truck tire is abandoned here in a field overlooking the province of Reggio Calabria in Gambarie, Italy, on September 2nd, 2012.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120902_NYT_Calabria__MG_0119.jpg
  • Polsi, Italy - 2 September, 2012: A 12 years old boy makes a U-turn with his scooter on the street that leads to the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, a mafia stronghold in Calabria, Italy, on September 2nd, 2012. <br />
<br />
The Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, also known as the Sanctuary of Santa Maria di Polsi or Our lady of the Mountain, is a Christian sanctuary in the heart of the Aspromonte mountains, near San Luca in Calabria. The chiefs of the Calabrian criminal consortium, the 'Ndrangheta, have held annual meetings at the Sanctuary. According to the pentito Cesare Polifroni – a former member turned state witness – at these meetings, every boss must give account of all the activities carried out during the year and of all the most important facts taking place in his territory such as kidnappings, homicides, etc.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120902_NYT_Calabria__MG_0088.jpg
  • Polsi, Italy - 2 September, 2012: A tile decorated with the image of Our Lady of Polsi (or Our Lady of the Mountains) is sold here by the Sanctuary of Polsi together with other toys, including guns and rifles in Polsi, a mafia stronghold in Calabria, Italy, on September 2nd, 2012. <br />
The Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, also known as the Sanctuary of Santa Maria di Polsi or Our lady of the Mountain, is a Christian sanctuary in the heart of the Aspromonte mountains, near San Luca in Calabria. The chiefs of the Calabrian criminal consortium, the 'Ndrangheta, have held annual meetings at the Sanctuary. According to the pentito Cesare Polifroni – a former member turned state witness – at these meetings, every boss must give account of all the activities carried out during the year and of all the most important facts taking place in his territory such as kidnappings, homicides, etc.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120902_NYT_Calabria__MG_0071.jpg
  • Rosarno, Italy - 1 September, 2012: A man on a Vespa passes by a storage area in Rosarno, Italy, a mafia stronghold on September 1st, 2012.<br />
<br />
Rosarno is an agricultural area best known for the violent race riots that erupted here in January 2010. and for being a hotbed of the 'Ndrangheta, a Mafia-type criminal organisation based in Calabria. The local 'Ndrangheta dominates the fruit and vegetable businesses in the area, according to Francesco Forgione, a former head of Italy's parliamentary Antimafia Commission. In December 2008, the entire town council was dissolved on orders from the central government and replaced by a prefectoral commissioner because it had been infiltrated by 'Ndrangheta members and their known associates.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120901_NYT_Calabria__MG_9421.jpg
  • Rosarno, Italy - 1 September: One of the hundreds of unshinished concrete buildings is here in Rosarno, Italy, a mafia stronghold on September 1st, 2012. The owner of the house, who lives in another house in Rosarno, ended up not finishing the house because her children moved to Germany. The unfinished concrete buildings, which are very common throughout Calabria, are the result of the inability to go beyond the merely useful, creating functionality without regard for form.<br />
<br />
Rosarno is an agricultural area best known for the violent race riots that erupted here in January 2010. and for being a hotbed of the 'Ndrangheta, a Mafia-type criminal organisation based in Calabria. The local 'Ndrangheta dominates the fruit and vegetable businesses in the area, according to Francesco Forgione, a former head of Italy's parliamentary Antimafia Commission. In December 2008, the entire town council was dissolved on orders from the central government and replaced by a prefectoral commissioner because it had been infiltrated by 'Ndrangheta members and their known associates.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120901_NYT_Calabria__MG_9391.jpg
  • Reggio Calabria, Italy - 1 September, 2012: A young boy stands outside a Cafe with older men in Mileto, Italy, on September 1st, 2012.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120901_NYT_Calabria__MG_9317.jpg
  • Rosarno, Italy - 31 August, 2012: A banner in the highschool says "We want Fabrizio back", referring to Fabrizio Pioli, a 38 years old man who was killed in February 2012 and whose body is still missing in  Rosano, Italy, a mafia stronghold on August 31, 2012. Fabrizio Pioli was apparently killed by the family of Simona Napoli, the married woman who Fabrizio had an affair with and whose father is a fugitive mafia boss.<br />
<br />
Rosarno is an agricultural area best known for the violent race riots that erupted here in January 2010. and for being a hotbed of the 'Ndrangheta, a Mafia-type criminal organisation based in Calabria. The local 'Ndrangheta dominates the fruit and vegetable businesses in the area, according to Francesco Forgione, a former head of Italy's parliamentary Antimafia Commission. In December 2008, the entire town council was dissolved on orders from the central government and replaced by a prefectoral commissioner because it had been infiltrated by 'Ndrangheta members and their known associates.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120831_NYT_Calabria__MG_9229.jpg
  • Rosarno, Italy - 31 August, 2012:  Two palms overlook an unfinished building in the main street of Rosano, Italy, a mafia stronghold on August 31, 2012. The unfinished concrete buildings, which are very common throughout Calabria, are the result of the inability to go beyond the merely useful, creating functionality without regard for form.<br />
<br />
<br />
Rosarno is an agricultural area best known for the violent race riots that erupted here in January 2010. and for being a hotbed of the 'Ndrangheta, a Mafia-type criminal organisation based in Calabria. The local 'Ndrangheta dominates the fruit and vegetable businesses in the area, according to Francesco Forgione, a former head of Italy's parliamentary Antimafia Commission. In December 2008, the entire town council was dissolved on orders from the central government and replaced by a prefectoral commissioner because it had been infiltrated by 'Ndrangheta members and their known associates.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120831_NYT_Calabria__MG_9181.jpg
  • Gioia Tauro, Italy - 31 August, 2012: A young man sits on the side of the road in Gioia Tauro, Italy, a mafia stronghold on August 31, 2012. The current mayor of Gioia Tauro, Renato Bellofiore, was elected in 2010 after the former mayor and deputy mayor, Giorgio Dal Torrione and Rosario Schiavone, were arrested on Mafia charges in 2008. Both had been forced to step down when the city council was dissolved on suspicion of Mafia infiltration. Gioia Tauro is a city of 19,000 people built on an ancient Greek necrapolis and that today has the largest seaport in Italy and the sevent largest container port in Europe with its extension of 4,646 meters. Because the port is not connected to adeguate roads or rails, the ships mostly transfer containers to smaller vessels and little economic activity stays local. To authorities, the port is best known as the first point of entry for most of the cocaine that enters Europe from South America. In a routine rais earlier this month, authorities seized 176 kilos of pure cocaine with an estimated street value of 38 million euros.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120831_NYT_Calabria__MG_8913.jpg
  • Reggio Calabria, Italy - 31 August, 2012: A surveillance monitor in the office of anti-mafia prosecutor Nicola Gratteri films the armored entrance door of his office in the courthouse of Reggio Calabria, Italy, on August 31, 2012. In June Mr Gratteri found out about a plot to kill him. A mafia boss-turned-state witness had confessed that a prominent family belonging to the Calabrian mafia ‘Ndrangheta had recently purchased 36 pounds of plastic explosives, with which they’d planned to blow up Gratteri and his security escort.<br />
<br />
The Libri gang of Reggio Calabria has managed to infiltrate even the construction of the new palace of justice, not through the traditional system of bribes, but by legally signing for the delivery of services and labor that was controlled and taxed by the mob.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120831_NYT_Calabria__MG_8766.jpg
  • Reggio Calabria, Italy - 31 August, 2012: Anti-mafia prosecutor of Reggio Calabria Nicola Gratteri, 54, is here in his armored office in the courthouse of Reggio Calabria, Italy, on August 31, 2012. In June Mr Gratteri found out about a plot to kill him. A mafia boss-turned-state witness had confessed that a prominent family belonging to the Calabrian mafia ‘Ndrangheta had recently purchased 36 pounds of plastic explosives, with which they’d planned to blow up Gratteri and his security escort.<br />
<br />
The Libri gang of Reggio Calabria has managed to infiltrate even the construction of the new palace of justice, not through the traditional system of bribes, but by legally signing for the delivery of services and labor that was controlled and taxed by the mob.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120831_NYT_Calabria__MG_8756.jpg
  • Reggio Calabria, Italy - 31 August, 2012: Anti-mafia prosecutor of Reggio Calabria Nicola Gratteri, 54, is here in his armored office in the courthouse of Reggio Calabria, Italy, on August 31, 2012. In June Mr Gratteri found out about a plot to kill him. A mafia boss-turned-state witness had confessed that a prominent family belonging to the Calabrian mafia ‘Ndrangheta had recently purchased 36 pounds of plastic explosives, with which they’d planned to blow up Gratteri and his security escort.<br />
<br />
The Libri gang of Reggio Calabria has managed to infiltrate even the construction of the new palace of justice, not through the traditional system of bribes, but by legally signing for the delivery of services and labor that was controlled and taxed by the mob.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120831_NYT_Calabria__MG_8751.jpg
  • Reggio Calabria, Italy - 31 August, 2012: A man walks up the escalator of the Courthouse in Reggio Calabria, Italy, on August 31, 2012. The Libri gang of Reggio Calabria has managed to infiltrate even the construction of the new palace of justice, not through the traditional system of bribes, but by legally signing for the delivery of services and labor that was controlled and taxed by the mob.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120831_NYT_Calabria_IMG_8688.jpg
  • Reggio Calabria, Italy - 30 August, 2012: The standard of the Province of Reggio Calabria is here in the council room of the Province Palace in Reggio Calabria, Italy, on August 30, 2012.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120830_NYT_Calabria__MG_8541.jpg
  • Polsi, Italy - 2 September, 2012: A statue of Our Lady of Polsi (or Our Lady of the Mountain) is seen here on the street that leads to the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, a mafia stronghold in Calabria, Italy, on September 2nd, 2012.<br />
The Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, also known as the Sanctuary of Santa Maria di Polsi or Our lady of the Mountain, is a Christian sanctuary in the heart of the Aspromonte mountains, near San Luca in Calabria. The chiefs of the Calabrian criminal consortium, the 'Ndrangheta, have held annual meetings at the Sanctuary. According to the pentito Cesare Polifroni – a former member turned state witness – at these meetings, every boss must give account of all the activities carried out during the year and of all the most important facts taking place in his territory such as kidnappings, homicides, etc.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120902_NYT_Calabria__MG_9746.jpg
  • Polsi, Italy - 2 September, 2012: A cow is seen here in the woods of Aspromonte mountain by the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, a mafia stronghold in Calabria, Italy, on September 2nd, 2012. Aspromonte is a mountain massif which mean "rough mountains", so named by the farmers who found its steep terrain and rocky soil difficult to cultivate<br />
<br />
The Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi, also known as the Sanctuary of Santa Maria di Polsi or Our lady of the Mountain, is a Christian sanctuary in the heart of the Aspromonte mountains, near San Luca in Calabria. The chiefs of the Calabrian criminal consortium, the 'Ndrangheta, have held annual meetings at the Sanctuary. According to the pentito Cesare Polifroni – a former member turned state witness – at these meetings, every boss must give account of all the activities carried out during the year and of all the most important facts taking place in his territory such as kidnappings, homicides, etc.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120902_NYT_Calabria__MG_9708.jpg
  • Reggio Calabria, Italy - 31 August, 2012: Leaving the office of anti-mafia prosecutor Nicola Gratteri means  having to cross the restroom between two hallways of the courthouse of Reggio Calabria, Italy, on August 31, 2012. In June Mr Gratteri found out about a plot to kill him. A mafia boss-turned-state witness had confessed that a prominent family belonging to the Calabrian mafia ‘Ndrangheta had recently purchased 36 pounds of plastic explosives, with which they’d planned to blow up Gratteri and his security escort.<br />
<br />
The Libri gang of Reggio Calabria has managed to infiltrate even the construction of the new palace of justice, not through the traditional system of bribes, but by legally signing for the delivery of services and labor that was controlled and taxed by the mob.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corruption in the bidding processes.
    CIPG_20120831_NYT_Calabria__MG_8776.jpg
  • Gioia Tauro, Italy -1 September, 2012: A view of the port of Gioia Tauro (center), which is unaccessible to the public, and of the cemetery (left) in Gioia Tauro, a mafia stronghold in Italy, on September 1st, 2012. <br />
<br />
The current mayor of Gioia Tauro, Renato Bellofiore, was elected in 2010 after the former mayor and deputy mayor, Giorgio Dal Torrione and Rosario Schiavone, were arrested on Mafia charges in 2008. Both had been forced to step down when the city council was dissolved on suspicion of Mafia infiltration. Gioia Tauro is a city of 19,000 people built on an ancient Greek necrapolis and that today has the largest seaport in Italy and the sevent largest container port in Europe with its extension of 4,646 meters. Because the port is not connected to adeguate roads or rails, the ships mostly transfer containers to smaller vessels and little economic activity stays local. To authorities, the port is best known as the first point of entry for most of the cocaine that enters Europe from South America. In a routine rais earlier this month, authorities seized 176 kilos of pure cocaine with an estimated street value of 38 million euros.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 million euros in structural funding away from the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway after finding widespread evidence of corrupt
    CIPG_20120831_NYT_Calabria__MG_8990.jpg
  • Bagnara, Italy - 18 July, 2012: A worker worker rests after covering tubes with cement on the construction site of the Sfalassà bridge on 18 July, 2012, in Bagnara, Italy. The Autostrada A3 Salerno-Reggio Calabria is a motorway in the south of Italy, which runs from Salerno to Reggio Calabria via Salerno. Due to its notorious poor conditions of maintenance, and its difficult route, the motorway has been often taken as a symbol of the backwardness and economical problems of southern Italy.
    Corruption_16.jpg
  • Bagnara, Italy - 18 July, 2012: A worker carries a ladder on the construction site of the Sfalassà bridge on 18 July, 2012, in Bagnara, Italy. The Autostrada A3 Salerno-Reggio Calabria is a motorway in the south of Italy, which runs from Salerno to Reggio Calabria via Salerno. Due to its notorious poor conditions of maintenance, and its difficult route, the motorway has been often taken as a symbol of the backwardness and economical problems of southern Italy.
    Corruption_14.jpg
  • Bagnara, Italy - 18 July, 2012:  A truck passes by the Sfalassà bridge on 18 July, 2012, in Bagnara, Italy. The Autostrada A3 Salerno-Reggio Calabria is a motorway in the south of Italy, which runs from Salerno to Reggio Calabria via Salerno. Due to its notorious poor conditions of maintenance, and its difficult route, the motorway has been often taken as a symbol of the backwardness and economical problems of southern Italy. bridge on 18 July, 2012, in Bagnara, Italy. The Autostrada A3 Salerno-Reggio Calabria is a motorway in the south of Italy, which runs from Salerno to Reggio Calabria via Salerno. Due to its notorious poor conditions of maintenance, and its difficult route, the motorway has been often taken as a symbol of the backwardness and economical problems of southern Italy.
    Corruption_10.jpg
  • Bagnara, Italy - 18 July, 2012: Construction workers are here on the construction site of the Canalello bridge on 18 July, 2012, in Bagnara, Italy. The Autostrada A3 Salerno-Reggio Calabria is a motorway in the south of Italy, which runs from Salerno to Reggio Calabria via Salerno. Due to its notorious poor conditions of maintenance, and its difficult route, the motorway has been often taken as a symbol of the backwardness and economical problems of southern Italy.
    Corruption_18.jpg
  • Reggio Calabria, Italy - 18 July, 2012:  on 18 July, 2012. The Autostrada A3 Salerno-Reggio Calabria is a motorway in the south of Italy, which runs from Salerno to Reggio Calabria via Salerno. Due to its notorious poor conditions of maintenance, and its difficult route, the motorway has been often taken as a symbol of the backwardness and economical problems of southern Italy.
    Corruption_04.jpg
  • Scilla, Italy - 18 July, 2012:  Two workers are here in a construction site of the A3 Salerno - Reggio Calabria highway on 18 July, 2012, in Scilla, Italy. The Autostrada A3 Salerno-Reggio Calabria is a motorway in the south of Italy, which runs from Salerno to Reggio Calabria via Salerno. Due to its notorious poor conditions of maintenance, and its difficult route, the motorway has been often taken as a symbol of the backwardness and economical problems of southern Italy.
    Corruption_03.jpg
  • Seminara, Italy - 18 July, 2012: Construction workers are here by the finished Barritteri gallery at the end of the day on 18 July, 2012, in Seminara, Italy. The Autostrada A3 Salerno-Reggio Calabria is a motorway in the south of Italy, which runs from Salerno to Reggio Calabria via Salerno. Due to its notorious poor conditions of maintenance, and its difficult route, the motorway has been often taken as a symbol of the backwardness and economical problems of southern Italy.
    Corruption_23.jpg
  • Bagnara, Italy - 18 July, 2012: Moussa Boukris, 43, a construction worker originally from Tunisia, rests at the end of the day after he finished working on the construction site of the Canalello bridge on 18 July, 2012, in Bagnara, Italy. The Autostrada A3 Salerno-Reggio Calabria is a motorway in the south of Italy, which runs from Salerno to Reggio Calabria via Salerno. Due to its notorious poor conditions of maintenance, and its difficult route, the motorway has been often taken as a symbol of the backwardness and economical problems of southern Italy.
    Corruption_19.jpg
  • Bagnara, Italy - 18 July, 2012: A digger is here on the construction site of the Canalello bridge on 18 July, 2012, in Bagnara, Italy. The Autostrada A3 Salerno-Reggio Calabria is a motorway in the south of Italy, which runs from Salerno to Reggio Calabria via Salerno. Due to its notorious poor conditions of maintenance, and its difficult route, the motorway has been often taken as a symbol of the backwardness and economical problems of southern Italy.
    Corruption_17.jpg
  • Bagnara, Italy - 18 July, 2012: A plastic chair is left behind workers at the end of the day in a gallery by the Sfalassà bridge on 18 July, 2012, in Bagnara, Italy. The Autostrada A3 Salerno-Reggio Calabria is a motorway in the south of Italy, which runs from Salerno to Reggio Calabria via Salerno. Due to its notorious poor conditions of maintenance, and its difficult route, the motorway has been often taken as a symbol of the backwardness and economical problems of southern Italy.
    Corruption_12.jpg
  • Bagnara, Italy - 18 July, 2012: Working boots are left behind workers at the end of the day in a gallery by the Sfalassà bridge on 18 July, 2012, in Bagnara, Italy. The Autostrada A3 Salerno-Reggio Calabria is a motorway in the south of Italy, which runs from Salerno to Reggio Calabria via Salerno. Due to its notorious poor conditions of maintenance, and its difficult route, the motorway has been often taken as a symbol of the backwardness and economical problems of southern Italy.
    Corruption_11.jpg
  • Bagnara, Italy - 18 July, 2012:  A truck passes by the Sfliciusu bridge on 18 July, 2012, in Bagnara, Italy. The Autostrada A3 Salerno-Reggio Calabria is a motorway in the south of Italy, which runs from Salerno to Reggio Calabria via Salerno. Due to its notorious poor conditions of maintenance, and its difficult route, the motorway has been often taken as a symbol of the backwardness and economical problems of southern Italy.
    Corruption_09.jpg
  • Scill, Italy - 18 July, 2012:  Worker on the Favazzina bridge on 18 July, 2012, in Scilla, Italy. The Autostrada A3 Salerno-Reggio Calabria is a motorway in the south of Italy, which runs from Salerno to Reggio Calabria via Salerno. Due to its notorious poor conditions of maintenance, and its difficult route, the motorway has been often taken as a symbol of the backwardness and economical problems of southern Italy.
    Corruption_06.jpg
  • Seminara, Italy - 18 July, 2012: A construction worker is here by the finished Barritteri gallery on 18 July, 2012, in Seminara, Italy. The Autostrada A3 Salerno-Reggio Calabria is a motorway in the south of Italy, which runs from Salerno to Reggio Calabria via Salerno. Due to its notorious poor conditions of maintenance, and its difficult route, the motorway has been often taken as a symbol of the backwardness and economical problems of southern Italy.
    Corruption_22.jpg
  • Seminara, Italy - 18 July, 2012: The finished Barritteri gallery on 18 July, 2012, in Seminara, Italy. The Autostrada A3 Salerno-Reggio Calabria is a motorway in the south of Italy, which runs from Salerno to Reggio Calabria via Salerno. Due to its notorious poor conditions of maintenance, and its difficult route, the motorway has been often taken as a symbol of the backwardness and economical problems of southern Italy.
    Corruption_21.jpg
  • Bagnara, Italy - 18 July, 2012: A  worker is here in his digger on the construction site of the Fontanella gallery on 18 July, 2012, in Bagnara, Italy. The Autostrada A3 Salerno-Reggio Calabria is a motorway in the south of Italy, which runs from Salerno to Reggio Calabria via Salerno. Due to its notorious poor conditions of maintenance, and its difficult route, the motorway has been often taken as a symbol of the backwardness and economical problems of southern Italy.
    Corruption_20.jpg
  • Bagnara, Italy - 18 July, 2012: Workers cover tubes with cement on the construction site of the Sfalassà bridge on 18 July, 2012, in Bagnara, Italy. The Autostrada A3 Salerno-Reggio Calabria is a motorway in the south of Italy, which runs from Salerno to Reggio Calabria via Salerno. Due to its notorious poor conditions of maintenance, and its difficult route, the motorway has been often taken as a symbol of the backwardness and economical problems of southern Italy.
    Corruption_15.jpg
  • Bagnara, Italy - 18 July, 2012: A wooden platform is here on the construction site of the Sfalassà bridge on 18 July, 2012, in Bagnara, Italy. The Autostrada A3 Salerno-Reggio Calabria is a motorway in the south of Italy, which runs from Salerno to Reggio Calabria via Salerno. Due to its notorious poor conditions of maintenance, and its difficult route, the motorway has been often taken as a symbol of the backwardness and economical problems of southern Italy.
    Corruption_13.jpg
  • Scilla, Italy - 18 July, 2012: A worker cuts wood by the Muro gallery on 18 July, 2012, in Scilla, Italy. The Autostrada A3 Salerno-Reggio Calabria is a motorway in the south of Italy, which runs from Salerno to Reggio Calabria via Salerno. Due to its notorious poor conditions of maintenance, and its difficult route, the motorway has been often taken as a symbol of the backwardness and economical problems of southern Italy.
    Corruption_08.jpg
  • Scilla, Italy - 18 July, 2012:  A worker walks by the under construction Muro gallery on 18 July, 2012 in Scilla, Italy. The Autostrada A3 Salerno-Reggio Calabria is a motorway in the south of Italy, which runs from Salerno to Reggio Calabria via Salerno. Due to its notorious poor conditions of maintenance, and its difficult route, the motorway has been often taken as a symbol of the backwardness and economical problems of southern Italy.
    Corruption_07.jpg
  • Scilla, Italy - 18 July, 2012: The Costa Viola bridge on 18 July, 2012, in Scilla, Italy. The Autostrada A3 Salerno-Reggio Calabria is a motorway in the south of Italy, which runs from Salerno to Reggio Calabria via Salerno. Due to its notorious poor conditions of maintenance, and its difficult route, the motorway has been often taken as a symbol of the backwardness and economical problems of southern Italy.
    Corruption_05.jpg
  • Scilla, Italy - 18 July, 2012:  A temporary sign on the A3 Salerno Reggio Calabria highway on 18 July, 2012, in Scilla, Italy. The Autostrada A3 Salerno-Reggio Calabria is a motorway in the south of Italy, which runs from Salerno to Reggio Calabria via Salerno. Due to its notorious poor conditions of maintenance, and its difficult route, the motorway has been often taken as a symbol of the backwardness and economical problems of southern Italy.
    Corruption_02.jpg
  • Scilla, Italy - 18 July, 2012:  The Monacena gallery and the e Livorno bridge under contruction on 18 July, 2012, in Scilla, Italy. The Autostrada A3 Salerno-Reggio Calabria is a motorway in the south of Italy, which runs from Salerno to Reggio Calabria via Salerno. Due to its notorious poor conditions of maintenance, and its difficult route, the motorway has been often taken as a symbol of the backwardness and economical problems of southern Italy.
    Corruption_01.jpg
  • Gioia Tauro, Italy - 1 September, 2012: Unfinished tombs are seen here in the cemetery of Gioia Tauro, a mafia strongold in Calabria,  Italy, on September 1st, 2012. The unfinished concrete buildings, which are very common throughout Calabria, are the result of the inability to go beyond the merely useful, creating functionality without regard for form.<br />
<br />
<br />
The current mayor of Gioia Tauro, Renato Bellofiore, was elected in 2010 after the former mayor and deputy mayor, Giorgio Dal Torrione and Rosario Schiavone, were arrested on Mafia charges in 2008. Both had been forced to step down when the city council was dissolved on suspicion of Mafia infiltration. Gioia Tauro is a city of 19,000 people built on an ancient Greek necrapolis and that today has the largest seaport in Italy and the sevent largest container port in Europe with its extension of 4,646 meters. Because the port is not connected to adeguate roads or rails, the ships mostly transfer containers to smaller vessels and little economic activity stays local. To authorities, the port is best known as the first point of entry for most of the cocaine that enters Europe from South America. In a routine rais earlier this month, authorities seized 176 kilos of pure cocaine with an estimated street value of 38 million euros.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redi
    CIPG_20120901_NYT_Calabria__MG_9588.jpg
  • Gioia Tauro, Italy - 1 September, 2012: Unfinished tombs are seen here in the cemetery of Gioia Tauro, a mafia strongold in Calabria,  Italy, on September 1st, 2012. The unfinished concrete buildings, which are very common throughout Calabria, are the result of the inability to go beyond the merely useful, creating functionality without regard for form.<br />
<br />
<br />
The current mayor of Gioia Tauro, Renato Bellofiore, was elected in 2010 after the former mayor and deputy mayor, Giorgio Dal Torrione and Rosario Schiavone, were arrested on Mafia charges in 2008. Both had been forced to step down when the city council was dissolved on suspicion of Mafia infiltration. Gioia Tauro is a city of 19,000 people built on an ancient Greek necrapolis and that today has the largest seaport in Italy and the sevent largest container port in Europe with its extension of 4,646 meters. Because the port is not connected to adeguate roads or rails, the ships mostly transfer containers to smaller vessels and little economic activity stays local. To authorities, the port is best known as the first point of entry for most of the cocaine that enters Europe from South America. In a routine rais earlier this month, authorities seized 176 kilos of pure cocaine with an estimated street value of 38 million euros.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redi
    CIPG_20120830_NYT_Calabria__MG_9584.jpg
  • Gioia Tauro, Italy - 1 September, 2012: Unfinished tombs are seen here in the cemetery of Gioia Tauro, a mafia strongold in Calabria,  Italy, on September 1st, 2012. The unfinished concrete buildings, which are very common throughout Calabria, are the result of the inability to go beyond the merely useful, creating functionality without regard for form.<br />
<br />
<br />
The current mayor of Gioia Tauro, Renato Bellofiore, was elected in 2010 after the former mayor and deputy mayor, Giorgio Dal Torrione and Rosario Schiavone, were arrested on Mafia charges in 2008. Both had been forced to step down when the city council was dissolved on suspicion of Mafia infiltration. Gioia Tauro is a city of 19,000 people built on an ancient Greek necrapolis and that today has the largest seaport in Italy and the sevent largest container port in Europe with its extension of 4,646 meters. Because the port is not connected to adeguate roads or rails, the ships mostly transfer containers to smaller vessels and little economic activity stays local. To authorities, the port is best known as the first point of entry for most of the cocaine that enters Europe from South America. In a routine rais earlier this month, authorities seized 176 kilos of pure cocaine with an estimated street value of 38 million euros.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redi
    CIPG_20120901_NYT_Calabria__MG_9574.jpg
  • Gioia Tauro, Italy - 31 August, 2012: One of the hundreds of unshinished concrete buildings is here near the townhall in Gioia Tauro, Italy, a mafia stronghold on August 31, 2012. The unfinished concrete buildings, which are very common throughout Calabria, are the result of the inability to go beyond the merely useful, creating functionality without regard for form.<br />
<br />
The current mayor of Gioia Tauro, Renato Bellofiore, was elected in 2010 after the former mayor and deputy mayor, Giorgio Dal Torrione and Rosario Schiavone, were arrested on Mafia charges in 2008. Both had been forced to step down when the city council was dissolved on suspicion of Mafia infiltration. Gioia Tauro is a city of 19,000 people built on an ancient Greek necrapolis and that today has the largest seaport in Italy and the sevent largest container port in Europe with its extension of 4,646 meters. Because the port is not connected to adeguate roads or rails, the ships mostly transfer containers to smaller vessels and little economic activity stays local. To authorities, the port is best known as the first point of entry for most of the cocaine that enters Europe from South America. In a routine rais earlier this month, authorities seized 176 kilos of pure cocaine with an estimated street value of 38 million euros.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded th
    CIPG_20120831_NYT_Calabria__MG_8963.jpg
  • Gioia Tauro, Italy - 1 September, 2012: Unfinished tombs are seen here in the cemetery of Gioia Tauro, a mafia strongold in Calabria,  Italy, on September 1st, 2012. The unfinished concrete buildings, which are very common throughout Calabria, are the result of the inability to go beyond the merely useful, creating functionality without regard for form.<br />
<br />
<br />
The current mayor of Gioia Tauro, Renato Bellofiore, was elected in 2010 after the former mayor and deputy mayor, Giorgio Dal Torrione and Rosario Schiavone, were arrested on Mafia charges in 2008. Both had been forced to step down when the city council was dissolved on suspicion of Mafia infiltration. Gioia Tauro is a city of 19,000 people built on an ancient Greek necrapolis and that today has the largest seaport in Italy and the sevent largest container port in Europe with its extension of 4,646 meters. Because the port is not connected to adeguate roads or rails, the ships mostly transfer containers to smaller vessels and little economic activity stays local. To authorities, the port is best known as the first point of entry for most of the cocaine that enters Europe from South America. In a routine rais earlier this month, authorities seized 176 kilos of pure cocaine with an estimated street value of 38 million euros.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redi
    CIPG_20120901_NYT_Calabria__MG_9627.jpg
  • Gioia Tauro, Italy - 1 September, 2012: Unfinished tombs are seen here in the cemetery of Gioia Tauro, a mafia strongold in Calabria,  Italy, on September 1st, 2012. The unfinished concrete buildings, which are very common throughout Calabria, are the result of the inability to go beyond the merely useful, creating functionality without regard for form.<br />
The unfinished concrete buildings, which are very common throughout Calabria, are the result of the inability to go beyond the merely useful, creating functionality without regard for form.<br />
<br />
<br />
The current mayor of Gioia Tauro, Renato Bellofiore, was elected in 2010 after the former mayor and deputy mayor, Giorgio Dal Torrione and Rosario Schiavone, were arrested on Mafia charges in 2008. Both had been forced to step down when the city council was dissolved on suspicion of Mafia infiltration. Gioia Tauro is a city of 19,000 people built on an ancient Greek necrapolis and that today has the largest seaport in Italy and the sevent largest container port in Europe with its extension of 4,646 meters. Because the port is not connected to adeguate roads or rails, the ships mostly transfer containers to smaller vessels and little economic activity stays local. To authorities, the port is best known as the first point of entry for most of the cocaine that enters Europe from South America. In a routine rais earlier this month, authorities seized 176 kilos of pure cocaine with an estimated street value of 38 million euros.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemploy
    CIPG_20120901_NYT_Calabria__MG_9591.jpg
  • Gioia Tauro, Italy - 1 September, 2012: Unfinished tombs are seen here in the cemetery of Gioia Tauro, a mafia strongold in Calabria,  Italy, on September 1st, 2012. The unfinished concrete buildings, which are very common throughout Calabria, are the result of the inability to go beyond the merely useful, creating functionality without regard for form.<br />
<br />
<br />
The current mayor of Gioia Tauro, Renato Bellofiore, was elected in 2010 after the former mayor and deputy mayor, Giorgio Dal Torrione and Rosario Schiavone, were arrested on Mafia charges in 2008. Both had been forced to step down when the city council was dissolved on suspicion of Mafia infiltration. Gioia Tauro is a city of 19,000 people built on an ancient Greek necrapolis and that today has the largest seaport in Italy and the sevent largest container port in Europe with its extension of 4,646 meters. Because the port is not connected to adeguate roads or rails, the ships mostly transfer containers to smaller vessels and little economic activity stays local. To authorities, the port is best known as the first point of entry for most of the cocaine that enters Europe from South America. In a routine rais earlier this month, authorities seized 176 kilos of pure cocaine with an estimated street value of 38 million euros.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redi
    CIPG_20120901_NYT_Calabria__MG_9564.jpg
  • Gioia Tauro, Italy - 1 September, 2012: A man walks by the river and an unfinished home in Gioia Tauro, Italy, a mafia stronghold on September 1st, 2012.  The unfinished concrete buildings, which are very common throughout Calabria, are the result of the inability to go beyond the merely useful, creating functionality without regard for form.<br />
<br />
The current mayor of Gioia Tauro, Renato Bellofiore, was elected in 2010 after the former mayor and deputy mayor, Giorgio Dal Torrione and Rosario Schiavone, were arrested on Mafia charges in 2008. Both had been forced to step down when the city council was dissolved on suspicion of Mafia infiltration. Gioia Tauro is a city of 19,000 people built on an ancient Greek necrapolis and that today has the largest seaport in Italy and the sevent largest container port in Europe with its extension of 4,646 meters. Because the port is not connected to adeguate roads or rails, the ships mostly transfer containers to smaller vessels and little economic activity stays local. To authorities, the port is best known as the first point of entry for most of the cocaine that enters Europe from South America. In a routine rais earlier this month, authorities seized 176 kilos of pure cocaine with an estimated street value of 38 million euros.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redirect 380 mil
    CIPG_20120901_NYT_Calabria__MG_9454.jpg
  • Gioia Tauro, Italy - 1 September, 2012: Unfinished tombs are seen here in the cemetery of Gioia Tauro, a mafia strongold in Calabria,  Italy, on September 1st, 2012. The unfinished concrete buildings, which are very common throughout Calabria, are the result of the inability to go beyond the merely useful, creating functionality without regard for form.<br />
<br />
<br />
The current mayor of Gioia Tauro, Renato Bellofiore, was elected in 2010 after the former mayor and deputy mayor, Giorgio Dal Torrione and Rosario Schiavone, were arrested on Mafia charges in 2008. Both had been forced to step down when the city council was dissolved on suspicion of Mafia infiltration. Gioia Tauro is a city of 19,000 people built on an ancient Greek necrapolis and that today has the largest seaport in Italy and the sevent largest container port in Europe with its extension of 4,646 meters. Because the port is not connected to adeguate roads or rails, the ships mostly transfer containers to smaller vessels and little economic activity stays local. To authorities, the port is best known as the first point of entry for most of the cocaine that enters Europe from South America. In a routine rais earlier this month, authorities seized 176 kilos of pure cocaine with an estimated street value of 38 million euros.<br />
<br />
Calabria is one of the poorest Italian regions which suffers from lack of basic services (hospitals without proper equipment, irregular electricity and water), the product of disparate political interests vying for power. The region is dominated by the 'Ndrangheta (pronounced en-Drang-get-A), which authorities say is the most powerful in Italy because it is the welthiest and best organized.<br />
<br />
The region today has nearly 20 percent unemployment, 40 percent youth unemployment and among the lowest female unemployment and broadband Internet levels in Italy. Business suffer since poor infrastructure drives up transport costs.<br />
<br />
Last summer the European Union's anti-fraud office demanded that Italy redi
    CIPG_20120901_NYT_Calabria__MG_9622.jpg
  • SCIACCA, ITALY - 31 JULY 2012: The unfinished Our Lady of Loreto church (also called "San Sebastiano church) in Sciacca, Italy, on July 31, 2012. Series of photographs of unfinished developments in southern Italy.<br />
<br />
CREDIT: Gianni Cipriano for The Wall Street Journal
    CIPG_20120731_WSJ_Incompiuti__MG_187...jpg
  • SCIACCA, ITALY - 31 JULY 2012: An abandoned and unfinished pool of a sports club in Sciacca, Italy, on July 31, 2012. Series of photographs of unfinished developments in southern Italy.<br />
<br />
CREDIT: Gianni Cipriano for The Wall Street Journal
    CIPG_20120731_WSJ_Incompiuti__MG_166...jpg
  • Napoli, Italia - 22 gennaio 2013: Nicola Cosentino, il leader campano del Pdl escluso dalle liste elettorali e a rischio carcere per concorso esterno in associazione mafiosa, convoca una conferenza stampa all'Hotel Excelsior a Napoli, il 22 gennaio 2013.NAPLES, ITALY - 22 JANUARY 2013:  Nicola Cosentino (53), regional coordinator of Silvio Berlusconi's People of Freedom party and former undersecretary of the Ministry of Economy of the Berlusconi IV Cabinet, holds a press conference the day after he was excluded from the lists of candidates for the 2013 Italian general elections, at the Hotel Excelsior in Naples, on January 22 2013. Nicola Cosentino, investigated over Mafia association in the Campania region, clashed with national coordinator of the party Denis Verdini and secretary Angelino Alfano. Cosentino stresses that the decision was taken at the last moment to avoid his retaliation. Silvio Berlusconi admitted that leaving his “best friends” out was difficult but stated it was necessary for political reasons: “we will now regain two and a half million votes, mostly in the north”. In 2010  Naples’ anti-mafia magistrates commission sent to the Italian Chamber of Deputies the request for the arrest for Cosentino, but the Chamber’s commission refused. In 2010 Cosentino was also involved in a scandal related to wind energy systems in Sardinia, which led to the discovery of the so-called nuova P2 or P3 (“new Propaganda 2 or P2″) . The P2  was a secret masonic lodge of the 1970s-early 1980s, of which Berlusconi was then a member. <br />
<br />
A general election to determine the 630 members of the Chamber of Deputies and the 315 elective members of the Senate, the two houses of the Italian parliament, will take place on 24–25 February 2013. The main candidates running for Prime Minister are Pierluigi Bersani (leader of the centre-left coalition "Italy. Common Good"), former PM Mario Monti (leader of the centrist coalition "With Monti for Italy") and former PM Si
    CIPG_20130122_ELE2013_Cosentino__MG_...jpg
  • POMPEII, ITALY - 5 APRIL 2013: Architect Antonio Irlando, founder of the watchdog OPC Italia investigating on the archeological site of Pompeii, walks by the Amphitheater (70BC), one of the oldest and best preserved aphitheaters in existence which held 20,000 spectators, in Pompeii, Italy, on April 5th, 2013.<br />
<br />
In recent years, a series of collapses at the site have alarmed conservationists, who warn that the ancient Roman city is dangerously exposed to the elements ? and poorly served by the red tape, lack of strategic planning and limited personnel of the site's historically troubled management. <br />
<br />
Pompeii, along with Herculaneum, was buried under 4 to 6 meters (13 to 20 ft) of ash and pumice in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD. After its initial discovery in 1599, Pompeii was rediscovered as the result of intentional excavations in 1748 by the Spanish military engineer Rocque Joaquin de Alcubierre.<br />
<br />
Pompeii is an UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the most popular tourist attractions of Italy, with approximately 2.5 million visitors every year.<br />
<br />
Gianni Cipriano for The New York Times
    CIPG_20130405_NYT_Pompei__MG_5124.jpg
  • POMPEII, ITALY - 5 APRIL 2013:   A man walk by the public park of the Pontifical Shrine of the Blessed Virgin of the Rosary in Pompeii, Italy, on April 5th, 2013.<br />
<br />
In recent years, a series of collapses at the site have alarmed conservationists, who warn that the ancient Roman city is dangerously exposed to the elements ? and poorly served by the red tape, lack of strategic planning and limited personnel of the site's historically troubled management. <br />
<br />
Pompeii, along with Herculaneum, was buried under 4 to 6 meters (13 to 20 ft) of ash and pumice in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD. After its initial discovery in 1599, Pompeii was rediscovered as the result of intentional excavations in 1748 by the Spanish military engineer Rocque Joaquin de Alcubierre.<br />
<br />
Pompeii is an UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the most popular tourist attractions of Italy, with approximately 2.5 million visitors every year.<br />
<br />
Gianni Cipriano for The New York Times
    CIPG_20130405_NYT_Pompei__MG_4915.jpg
  • POMPEII, ITALY - 4 APRIL 2013: A plaster body cast is shown in the Stabian Baths, in Pompeii, Italy, on April 4th, 2013. During the eruption of Mount Vesuviusin 79 AD, the ash lithified before the corpses decayed so that a good mold of the deceased remained. Early in the excavation it was discovered that filling these molds with plaster produced remarkable casts of the victims of the eruption. ..In recent years, a series of collapses at the site have alarmed conservationists, who warn that the ancient Roman city is dangerously exposed to the elements ? and poorly served by the red tape, lack of strategic planning and limited personnel of the site's historically troubled management. ..Pompeii, along with Herculaneum, was buried under 4 to 6 meters (13 to 20 ft) of ash and pumice in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD. After its initial discovery in 1599, Pompeii was rediscovered as the result of intentional excavations in 1748 by the Spanish military engineer Rocque Joaquin de Alcubierre...Pompeii is an UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the most popular tourist attractions of Italy, with approximately 2.5 million visitors every year...Gianni Cipriano for The New York Times
    CIPG_20130404_NYT_Pompei__MG_4289.jpg
  • SCIACCA, ITALY - 31 JULY 2012: The Lipari hotel is one of the Sciacca Mare hotels built in a site which was initially expected to host an aquatic theme park with two killer whales in Sciacca, Italy, on July 31, 2012. Series of photographs of unfinished developments in southern Italy.<br />
<br />
CREDIT: Gianni Cipriano for The Wall Street Journal
    CIPG_20120731_WSJ_Incompiuti__MG_204...jpg
  • SCIACCA, ITALY - 31 JULY 2012: The Alicudi hotel is one of the Sciacca Mare hotels built in a site which was initially expected to host an aquatic theme park with two killer whales in Sciacca, Italy, on July 31, 2012. Series of photographs of unfinished developments in southern Italy.<br />
<br />
CREDIT: Gianni Cipriano for The Wall Street Journal
    CIPG_20120731_WSJ_Incompiuti__MG_201...jpg
  • SCIACCA, ITALY - 31 JULY 2012: The unfinished Sumonà Theatre in Sciacca, Italy, on July 31, 2012. Series of photographs of unfinished developments in southern Italy.<br />
<br />
CREDIT: Gianni Cipriano for The Wall Street Journal
    CIPG_20120731_WSJ_Incompiuti__MG_197...jpg
  • SCIACCA, ITALY - 31 JULY 2012: An ufinished nursing home in Sciacca, Italy, on July 31, 2012. Series of photographs of unfinished developments in southern Italy.<br />
<br />
CREDIT: Gianni Cipriano for The Wall Street Journal
    CIPG_20120731_WSJ_Incompiuti__MG_194...jpg
  • SCIACCA, ITALY - 31 JULY 2012: An ufinished nursing home in Sciacca, Italy, on July 31, 2012. Series of photographs of unfinished developments in southern Italy.<br />
<br />
CREDIT: Gianni Cipriano for The Wall Street Journal
    CIPG_20120731_WSJ_Incompiuti__MG_192...jpg
  • SCIACCA, ITALY - 31 JULY 2012: The unfinished Our Lady of Loreto church (also called "San Sebastiano church) in Sciacca, Italy, on July 31, 2012. Series of photographs of unfinished developments in southern Italy.<br />
<br />
CREDIT: Gianni Cipriano for The Wall Street Journal
    CIPG_20120731_WSJ_Incompiuti__MG_187...jpg
  • SCIACCA, ITALY - 31 JULY 2012: Elderly men play cards in an unauthorized bowls club in the basement of the unfinished sports club pool in Sciacca, Italy, on July 31, 2012. Series of photographs of unfinished developments in southern Italy.<br />
<br />
CREDIT: Gianni Cipriano for The Wall Street Journal
    CIPG_20120731_WSJ_Incompiuti__MG_179...jpg
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