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  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: (L-R) Architects of Stidop DiDeA, Agnese Abbaleo, Emanuela Di Gaetano (co-founder), Giuseppe Delisi (co-founder), Roberto Lombino, Maristella Galia (associated architect), Nicola Andò (co-founder) and Alfonso Riccio (co-founder) pose for a portrait at Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020. <br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: A portait of Roberto Lombino, an architect of Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020.<br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: A portait of Agnese Abbaleo, an architect of Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020.<br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...psd
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: A portait of Maristella Galia, an associated architect of Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020.<br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: A portait of Alfonso Riccio, co-founder and architect of Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020.<br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: A portait of Emanuela Di Gaetano, co-founder and architect of Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020.<br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: A portait of Agnese Abbaleo, an architect of Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020.<br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: A portait of Roberto Lombino, an architect of Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020.<br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: A portait of Roberto Lombino, an architect of Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020.<br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: A portait of XXX, an architect of Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020.<br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: A portait of XXX, an architect of Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020.<br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: A portait of XXX, an architect of Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020.<br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: A portait of XXX, an architect of Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020.<br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: A portait of XXX, an architect of Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020.<br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: A portait of XXX, an architect of Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020.<br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: A portait of Maristella Galia, an associated architect of Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020.<br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: A portait of Alfonso Riccio, co-founder and architect of Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020.<br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: A portait of Emanuela Di Gaetano, co-founder and architect of Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020.<br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: A portait of Emanuela Di Gaetano, co-founder and architect of Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020.<br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: A portait of Nicola Andò, co-founder and architect of Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020.<br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: A portait of Giuseppe Delisi, aco-founder and architect of Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020. <br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: (L-R) Archiitects of Studio DiDeA, Emanuea Di Gaetano (co-founder), Giuseppe Delisi (co-founder), Maristella Galia Emanuela (associated architect), Nicola Andò (co-founder) and Alfonso Riccio (co-founder) pose for a portrait at Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020. <br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: A portait of XXX, an architect of Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020.<br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: A portait of Agnese Abbaleo, an architect of Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020.<br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: A portait of Nicola Andò, co-founder and architect of Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020.<br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: A portait of Giuseppe Delisi, aco-founder and architect of Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020. <br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • 4 May, 2012. Palermo, Italy. Central atrium at the entrance of Palazzo Branciforte  after its restauration by architect Gae Aulenti. # 4 maggio 2012. Palermo, Italia. L'atrio all-entrata Palazzo Branciforte  dopo il restauro dell'architetto Gae Aulenti.
    CIPG_20120504_ESPRESSO_Branciforte__...jpg
  • 4 May, 2012. Palermo, Italy. Entrace  of Palazzo Branciforte from via Bara all'Olivella after its restauration by architect Gae Aulenti. # 4 maggio 2012. Palermo, Italia. Entrata del Palazzo Branciforte da via Bara all'Olivella dopo il restauro dell'architetto Gae Aulenti.
    CIPG_20120504_ESPRESSO_Branciforte__...jpg
  • 4 May, 2012. Palermo, Italy. Entrace  of Palazzo Branciforte from via Bara all'Olivella after its restauration by architect Gae Aulenti. # 4 maggio 2012. Palermo, Italia. Entrata del Palazzo Branciforte da via Bara all'Olivella dopo il restauro dell'architetto Gae Aulenti.
    CIPG_20120504_ESPRESSO_Branciforte__...jpg
  • 4 May, 2012. Palermo, Italy. Central atrium at the entrance of Palazzo Branciforte  after its restauration by architect Gae Aulenti. # 4 maggio 2012. Palermo, Italia. L'atrio all-entrata Palazzo Branciforte  dopo il restauro dell'architetto Gae Aulenti.
    CIPG_20120504_ESPRESSO_Branciforte__...jpg
  • 4 May, 2012. Palermo, Italy. Central atrium at the entrance of Palazzo Branciforte  after its restauration by architect Gae Aulenti. # 4 maggio 2012. Palermo, Italia. L'atrio all-entrata Palazzo Branciforte  dopo il restauro dell'architetto Gae Aulenti.
    CIPG_20120504_ESPRESSO_Branciforte__...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: (L-R) Founders of Studio DiDeA, architects Nicola Andò, Maristella Galia, Giuseppe Delisi, Emanuela Di Gaeetano and Alfonso Riccio pose for a portrait at Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020. <br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: (L-R) Founders of Studio DiDeA, architects Nicola Andò, Maristella Galia, Giuseppe Delisi, Emanuela Di Gaeetano and Alfonso Riccio pose for a portrait at Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020. <br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, 7 OCTOBER 2020: (L-R) Founders of Studio DiDeA, architects Nicola Andò, Maristella Galia, Giuseppe Delisi, Emanuela Di Gaeetano and Alfonso Riccio pose for a portrait at Studio DiDeA in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020. <br />
<br />
Studio DiDeA is an associated studio based in Palermo, which deals with architectural design and interior design, in the residential and commercial sectors.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: The plaster cast of David Olère's visual testimony of the removal of corpses from the gas chamber, showing the gastight door with the metal protection over the peephole, is seen here in The Evidence Room at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
The Evidence Room exhibition, presented by the University of Waterloo lead by Canadian scholar Robert Jan Van Pelt and, is a reconstruction of key architectural elements of Auschwitz that disproved the Holocaust denier David Irving who had sued American scholar Deborah Lipstadt and her publisher for libel.  In her 1994 book Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, Lipstadt counted Irving among Hitler apologists and revisionists seeking to downplay the scale of the Holocaust and the systematic murder of six million European Jews. <br />
<br />
Robert Jan van Pelt served as the expert witness in the trial, and his report became one of the sources of inspiration for the new discipline of architectural forensics, which is located at the intersection of architecture, technology, history, law and human rights.<br />
<br />
The exhibition, which force us to examine architecture used for evil – and designed by architects complicit in crimes against humanity, reconstructs some of those forensic details, including full-scale models of a gas column, a gas door, and a wall section with gas-tight hatch – all of which were shown in court to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Auschwitz was, as Van Pelt says, “a purposefully designed factory of death, equipped with large, homicidal gas chambers and massive incinerators.”
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0149.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: The full-scale plaster model of a gas hatch used in Auschwitz, is seen here in the Evidence Room exhibition at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
The Evidence Room exhibition, presented by the University of Waterloo lead by Canadian scholar Robert Jan Van Pelt and, is a reconstruction of key architectural elements of Auschwitz that disproved the Holocaust denier David Irving who had sued American scholar Deborah Lipstadt and her publisher for libel.  In her 1994 book Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, Lipstadt counted Irving among Hitler apologists and revisionists seeking to downplay the scale of the Holocaust and the systematic murder of six million European Jews. <br />
<br />
Robert Jan van Pelt served as the expert witness in the trial, and his report became one of the sources of inspiration for the new discipline of architectural forensics, which is located at the intersection of architecture, technology, history, law and human rights.<br />
<br />
The exhibition, which force us to examine architecture used for evil – and designed by architects complicit in crimes against humanity, reconstructs some of those forensic details, including full-scale models of a gas column, a gas door, and a wall section with gas-tight hatch – all of which were shown in court to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Auschwitz was, as Van Pelt says, “a purposefully designed factory of death, equipped with large, homicidal gas chambers and massive incinerators.”
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0094.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: Plaster cast of a Zyklon B can is seen here in The Evidence Room at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
The Evidence Room exhibition, presented by the University of Waterloo lead by Canadian scholar Robert Jan Van Pelt and, is a reconstruction of key architectural elements of Auschwitz that disproved the Holocaust denier David Irving who had sued American scholar Deborah Lipstadt and her publisher for libel.  In her 1994 book Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, Lipstadt counted Irving among Hitler apologists and revisionists seeking to downplay the scale of the Holocaust and the systematic murder of six million European Jews. <br />
<br />
Robert Jan van Pelt served as the expert witness in the trial, and his report became one of the sources of inspiration for the new discipline of architectural forensics, which is located at the intersection of architecture, technology, history, law and human rights.<br />
<br />
The exhibition, which force us to examine architecture used for evil – and designed by architects complicit in crimes against humanity, reconstructs some of those forensic details, including full-scale models of a gas column, a gas door, and a wall section with gas-tight hatch – all of which were shown in court to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Auschwitz was, as Van Pelt says, “a purposefully designed factory of death, equipped with large, homicidal gas chambers and massive incinerators.”
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0063.jpg
  • PALERMO, ITALY - 7 OCTOBER 2020:  A group portrait of the architects of Studio DiDeA, in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • PALERMO, ITALY - 7 OCTOBER 2020:  A group portrait of the architects of Studio DiDeA, in Palermo, Italy, on October 7th 2020.
    CIPG_20201007_STUDIO-DIDEA_Ritratti_...jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016:  The entrance to the central pavillon of the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
The theme of the Biennale titles "Reporting from the Front", selected by 2016 director Alejandro Aravena, is an investigation into the role of architects in the battle to improve the living conditions for people all over the world. The theme aims to focus on architecture which works within the constraints presented by a lack of resources, and those designs which subvert the status quo to produce architecture for the common good - no matter how small the success.
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0453.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: Visitors walk through the Evidence Room, between the "design workshop : sa" exhibit room (seen here) and Souto Moura Arquitectos exhibit room at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
The Evidence Room exhibition, presented by the University of Waterloo lead by Canadian scholar Robert Jan Van Pelt and, is a reconstruction of key architectural elements of Auschwitz that disproved the Holocaust denier David Irving who had sued American scholar Deborah Lipstadt and her publisher for libel.  In her 1994 book Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, Lipstadt counted Irving among Hitler apologists and revisionists seeking to downplay the scale of the Holocaust and the systematic murder of six million European Jews. <br />
<br />
Robert Jan van Pelt served as the expert witness in the trial, and his report became one of the sources of inspiration for the new discipline of architectural forensics, which is located at the intersection of architecture, technology, history, law and human rights.<br />
<br />
The exhibition, which force us to examine architecture used for evil – and designed by architects complicit in crimes against humanity, reconstructs some of those forensic details, including full-scale models of a gas column, a gas door, and a wall section with gas-tight hatch – all of which were shown in court to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Auschwitz was, as Van Pelt says, “a purposefully designed factory of death, equipped with large, homicidal gas chambers and massive incinerators.”
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0429.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: A visitor looks at the lightbox on the Case 3 study on Israel's 2014 attack on Rafah, Gaza, in the exhibition presented by Forensic Architecture at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016. The team analysed video footage from social media of Israeli military attacks on Gaza in 2014 to prove the army was using one-tonne bombs in heavily populated residential areas, resulting in high civilian casualties. By overlaying images of bomb clouds from multiple viewpoints, they generated a 3D model and triangulated the exact location of the strike.<br />
<br />
Forensic Architecture is a reaearch agency based in London. It engages with the production and presentation of spatial evidence in the context of human rights violations, armed conflict and political struggles. Composed of architects, artists, filmmakers, journalists, lawyers and scientists, it uses architectural analysis, models and animations to construct evidence files for international prosecutors, truth commissions, human rights investigations and UN enquiries.<br />
<br />
In its exhibition Forensic Architecture presents from four recent investigations. Undertaken at different scales, these cases extend from the micro-analysis  of a single ruin from a drone strike in Miranshah, Pakistan, to the urban analysis of the city of Rafah in Gaza under Israeli attack; the death of refugees and migrants in the Mediterrannean Sea to the environmental violence along the shifting climatic frontiers of desertification and deforestations.
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0390.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: An animation of the Case 3 study by Forensic Architecture on the "Left-to-die boat", the deadly drift of a migrants’ boat in the Central Mediterranean, is projected here at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
Forensic Architecture is a reaearch agency based in London. It engages with the production and presentation of spatial evidence in the context of human rights violations, armed conflict and political struggles. Composed of architects, artists, filmmakers, journalists, lawyers and scientists, it uses architectural analysis, models and animations to construct evidence files for international prosecutors, truth commissions, human rights investigations and UN enquiries.<br />
<br />
In its exhibition Forensic Architecture presents from four recent investigations. Undertaken at different scales, these cases extend from the micro-analysis  of a single ruin from a drone strike in Miranshah, Pakistan, to the urban analysis of the city of Rafah in Gaza under Israeli attack; the death of refugees and migrants in the Mediterrannean Sea to the environmental violence along the shifting climatic frontiers of desertification and deforestations.
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0389.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: Visitors watch the video of Case 2 study on Israel's 2014 attack on Rafah, Gaza, in the exhibition presented by Forensic Architecture at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016. The team analysed video footage from social media of Israeli military attacks on Gaza in 2014 to prove the army was using one-tonne bombs in heavily populated residential areas, resulting in high civilian casualties. By overlaying images of bomb clouds from multiple viewpoints, they generated a 3D model and triangulated the exact location of the strike.<br />
<br />
Forensic Architecture is a reaearch agency based in London. It engages with the production and presentation of spatial evidence in the context of human rights violations, armed conflict and political struggles. Composed of architects, artists, filmmakers, journalists, lawyers and scientists, it uses architectural analysis, models and animations to construct evidence files for international prosecutors, truth commissions, human rights investigations and UN enquiries.<br />
<br />
In its exhibition Forensic Architecture presents from four recent investigations. Undertaken at different scales, these cases extend from the micro-analysis  of a single ruin from a drone strike in Miranshah, Pakistan, to the urban analysis of the city of Rafah in Gaza under Israeli attack; the death of refugees and migrants in the Mediterrannean Sea to the environmental violence along the shifting climatic frontiers of desertification and deforestations.
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0383.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: Visitors looks at the full-scale mock-up of a room bombed-out from a US army drone strike in Pakistan,  with strings extending from the shrapnel pock-marks in the walls back into the centre of the room to determine the point of explosion of the bomb, in the exhibition presented by Forensic Architecture at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.The model proves the damage was the result of an “architectural missile”, capable of being detonated on a specific floor of a building, while the “shadows” – where there are no shrapnel marks (marked here in red) – denote the locations of the victims killed in the attack.<br />
<br />
Forensic Architecture is a reaearch agency based in London. It engages with the production and presentation of spatial evidence in the context of human rights violations, armed conflict and political struggles. Composed of architects, artists, filmmakers, journalists, lawyers and scientists, it uses architectural analysis, models and animations to construct evidence files for international prosecutors, truth commissions, human rights investigations and UN enquiries.<br />
<br />
In its exhibition Forensic Architecture presents from four recent investigations. Undertaken at different scales, these cases extend from the micro-analysis  of a single ruin from a drone strike in Miranshah, Pakistan, to the urban analysis of the city of Rafah in Gaza under Israeli attack; the death of refugees and migrants in the Mediterrannean Sea to the environmental violence along the shifting climatic frontiers of desertification and deforestations.
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0370.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: Visitors look at the lightbox on the Case 2 study on Israel's 2014 attack on Rafah, Gaza, in the exhibition presented by Forensic Architecture at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016. The team analysed video footage from social media of Israeli military attacks on Gaza in 2014 to prove the army was using one-tonne bombs in heavily populated residential areas, resulting in high civilian casualties. By overlaying images of bomb clouds from multiple viewpoints, they generated a 3D model and triangulated the exact location of the strike.<br />
<br />
Forensic Architecture is a reaearch agency based in London. It engages with the production and presentation of spatial evidence in the context of human rights violations, armed conflict and political struggles. Composed of architects, artists, filmmakers, journalists, lawyers and scientists, it uses architectural analysis, models and animations to construct evidence files for international prosecutors, truth commissions, human rights investigations and UN enquiries.<br />
<br />
In its exhibition Forensic Architecture presents from four recent investigations. Undertaken at different scales, these cases extend from the micro-analysis  of a single ruin from a drone strike in Miranshah, Pakistan, to the urban analysis of the city of Rafah in Gaza under Israeli attack; the death of refugees and migrants in the Mediterrannean Sea to the environmental violence along the shifting climatic frontiers of desertification and deforestations.
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0352.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: Visitors look at the lightbox on the Case 2 study on Israel's 2014 attack on Rafah, Gaza, in the exhibition presented by Forensic Architecture at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016. The team analysed video footage from social media of Israeli military attacks on Gaza in 2014 to prove the army was using one-tonne bombs in heavily populated residential areas, resulting in high civilian casualties. By overlaying images of bomb clouds from multiple viewpoints, they generated a 3D model and triangulated the exact location of the strike.<br />
<br />
Forensic Architecture is a reaearch agency based in London. It engages with the production and presentation of spatial evidence in the context of human rights violations, armed conflict and political struggles. Composed of architects, artists, filmmakers, journalists, lawyers and scientists, it uses architectural analysis, models and animations to construct evidence files for international prosecutors, truth commissions, human rights investigations and UN enquiries.<br />
<br />
In its exhibition Forensic Architecture presents from four recent investigations. Undertaken at different scales, these cases extend from the micro-analysis  of a single ruin from a drone strike in Miranshah, Pakistan, to the urban analysis of the city of Rafah in Gaza under Israeli attack; the death of refugees and migrants in the Mediterrannean Sea to the environmental violence along the shifting climatic frontiers of desertification and deforestations. study on Israel's 2014 attack on Rafah, Gaza, in the exhibition presented by Forensic Architecture at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016. The team analysed video footage from social media of Israeli military attacks on Gaza in 2014 to prove the army was using one-tonne bombs in heavily populated residential areas, resulting in high civilian casualties. By overlaying images of bomb clouds from multiple viewpoints, they ge
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0350.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: The Case 3 study on Israel's 2014 attack on Rafah, Gaza, is shown here on a lightbox in the exhibition presented by Forensic Architecture at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016. The team analysed video footage from social media of Israeli military attacks on Gaza in 2014 to prove the army was using one-tonne bombs in heavily populated residential areas, resulting in high civilian casualties. By overlaying images of bomb clouds from multiple viewpoints, they generated a 3D model and triangulated the exact location of the strike.<br />
<br />
Forensic Architecture is a reaearch agency based in London. It engages with the production and presentation of spatial evidence in the context of human rights violations, armed conflict and political struggles. Composed of architects, artists, filmmakers, journalists, lawyers and scientists, it uses architectural analysis, models and animations to construct evidence files for international prosecutors, truth commissions, human rights investigations and UN enquiries.<br />
<br />
In its exhibition Forensic Architecture presents from four recent investigations. Undertaken at different scales, these cases extend from the micro-analysis  of a single ruin from a drone strike in Miranshah, Pakistan, to the urban analysis of the city of Rafah in Gaza under Israeli attack; the death of refugees and migrants in the Mediterrannean Sea to the environmental violence along the shifting climatic frontiers of desertification and deforestations.
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0344.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: The Case 3 study on Israel's 2014 attack on Rafah, Gaza, is shown here on a lightbox in the exhibition presented by Forensic Architecture at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016. The team analysed video footage from social media of Israeli military attacks on Gaza in 2014 to prove the army was using one-tonne bombs in heavily populated residential areas, resulting in high civilian casualties. By overlaying images of bomb clouds from multiple viewpoints, they generated a 3D model and triangulated the exact location of the strike.<br />
<br />
Forensic Architecture is a reaearch agency based in London. It engages with the production and presentation of spatial evidence in the context of human rights violations, armed conflict and political struggles. Composed of architects, artists, filmmakers, journalists, lawyers and scientists, it uses architectural analysis, models and animations to construct evidence files for international prosecutors, truth commissions, human rights investigations and UN enquiries.<br />
<br />
In its exhibition Forensic Architecture presents from four recent investigations. Undertaken at different scales, these cases extend from the micro-analysis  of a single ruin from a drone strike in Miranshah, Pakistan, to the urban analysis of the city of Rafah in Gaza under Israeli attack; the death of refugees and migrants in the Mediterrannean Sea to the environmental violence along the shifting climatic frontiers of desertification and deforestations.
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0343.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: The full-scale mock-up of a room bombed-out from a US army drone strike in Pakistan,  with strings extending from the shrapnel pock-marks in the walls back into the centre of the room to determine the point of explosion of the bomb, is here in the exhibition presented by Forensic Architecture at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016. The model proves the damage was the result of an “architectural missile”, capable of being detonated on a specific floor of a building, while the “shadows” – where there are no shrapnel marks (marked here in red) – denote the locations of the victims killed in the attack.<br />
<br />
Forensic Architecture is a reaearch agency based in London. It engages with the production and presentation of spatial evidence in the context of human rights violations, armed conflict and political struggles. Composed of architects, artists, filmmakers, journalists, lawyers and scientists, it uses architectural analysis, models and animations to construct evidence files for international prosecutors, truth commissions, human rights investigations and UN enquiries.<br />
<br />
In its exhibition Forensic Architecture presents from four recent investigations. Undertaken at different scales, these cases extend from the micro-analysis  of a single ruin from a drone strike in Miranshah, Pakistan, to the urban analysis of the city of Rafah in Gaza under Israeli attack; the death of refugees and migrants in the Mediterrannean Sea to the environmental violence along the shifting climatic frontiers of desertification and deforestations.
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0335.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: The full-scale mock-up of a room bombed-out from a US army drone strike in Pakistan,  with strings extending from the shrapnel pock-marks in the walls back into the centre of the room to determine the point of explosion of the bomb, is here in the exhibition presented by Forensic Architecture at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016. The model proves the damage was the result of an “architectural missile”, capable of being detonated on a specific floor of a building, while the “shadows” – where there are no shrapnel marks (marked here in red) – denote the locations of the victims killed in the attack.<br />
<br />
Forensic Architecture is a reaearch agency based in London. It engages with the production and presentation of spatial evidence in the context of human rights violations, armed conflict and political struggles. Composed of architects, artists, filmmakers, journalists, lawyers and scientists, it uses architectural analysis, models and animations to construct evidence files for international prosecutors, truth commissions, human rights investigations and UN enquiries.<br />
<br />
In its exhibition Forensic Architecture presents from four recent investigations. Undertaken at different scales, these cases extend from the micro-analysis  of a single ruin from a drone strike in Miranshah, Pakistan, to the urban analysis of the city of Rafah in Gaza under Israeli attack; the death of refugees and migrants in the Mediterrannean Sea to the environmental violence along the shifting climatic frontiers of desertification and deforestations.
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0329.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: The full-scale mock-up of a room bombed-out from a US army drone strike in Pakistan,  with strings extending from the shrapnel pock-marks in the walls back into the centre of the room to determine the point of explosion of the bomb, is here in the exhibition presented by Forensic Architecture at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016. The model proves the damage was the result of an “architectural missile”, capable of being detonated on a specific floor of a building, while the “shadows” – where there are no shrapnel marks (marked here in red) – denote the locations of the victims killed in the attack.<br />
<br />
Forensic Architecture is a reaearch agency based in London. It engages with the production and presentation of spatial evidence in the context of human rights violations, armed conflict and political struggles. Composed of architects, artists, filmmakers, journalists, lawyers and scientists, it uses architectural analysis, models and animations to construct evidence files for international prosecutors, truth commissions, human rights investigations and UN enquiries.<br />
<br />
In its exhibition Forensic Architecture presents from four recent investigations. Undertaken at different scales, these cases extend from the micro-analysis  of a single ruin from a drone strike in Miranshah, Pakistan, to the urban analysis of the city of Rafah in Gaza under Israeli attack; the death of refugees and migrants in the Mediterrannean Sea to the environmental violence along the shifting climatic frontiers of desertification and deforestations.
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0315.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: A visitor looks at the writings and illustrations on the lightbox of the Case 3 study by Forensic Architecture on the "Left-to-die boat", the deadly drift of a migrants’ boat in the Central Mediterranean, presented here at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
Forensic Architecture is a reaearch agency based in London. It engages with the production and presentation of spatial evidence in the context of human rights violations, armed conflict and political struggles. Composed of architects, artists, filmmakers, journalists, lawyers and scientists, it uses architectural analysis, models and animations to construct evidence files for international prosecutors, truth commissions, human rights investigations and UN enquiries.<br />
<br />
In its exhibition Forensic Architecture presents from four recent investigations. Undertaken at different scales, these cases extend from the micro-analysis  of a single ruin from a drone strike in Miranshah, Pakistan, to the urban analysis of the city of Rafah in Gaza under Israeli attack; the death of refugees and migrants in the Mediterrannean Sea to the environmental violence along the shifting climatic frontiers of desertification and deforestations.
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0307.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: Visitors looks at the full-scale mock-up of a room bombed-out from a US army drone strike in Pakistan in the exhibition presented by Forensic Architecture at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
Forensic Architecture is a reaearch agency based in London. It engages with the production and presentation of spatial evidence in the context of human rights violations, armed conflict and political struggles. Composed of architects, artists, filmmakers, journalists, lawyers and scientists, it uses architectural analysis, models and animations to construct evidence files for international prosecutors, truth commissions, human rights investigations and UN enquiries.<br />
<br />
In its exhibition Forensic Architecture presents from four recent investigations. Undertaken at different scales, these cases extend from the micro-analysis  of a single ruin from a drone strike in Miranshah, Pakistan, to the urban analysis of the city of Rafah in Gaza under Israeli attack; the death of refugees and migrants in the Mediterrannean Sea to the environmental violence along the shifting climatic frontiers of desertification and deforestations.
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0301.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: A visitor looks at the writings and illustrations on the lightbox of the Case 1 study by Forensic Architecture on the 2012 US drone strike in Miranshah, Pakistan, presented here at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
Forensic Architecture is a reaearch agency based in London. It engages with the production and presentation of spatial evidence in the context of human rights violations, armed conflict and political struggles. Composed of architects, artists, filmmakers, journalists, lawyers and scientists, it uses architectural analysis, models and animations to construct evidence files for international prosecutors, truth commissions, human rights investigations and UN enquiries.<br />
<br />
In its exhibition Forensic Architecture presents from four recent investigations. Undertaken at different scales, these cases extend from the micro-analysis  of a single ruin from a drone strike in Miranshah, Pakistan, to the urban analysis of the city of Rafah in Gaza under Israeli attack; the death of refugees and migrants in the Mediterrannean Sea to the environmental violence along the shifting climatic frontiers of desertification and deforestations.
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0288.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: Visitors are here in The Evidence Room at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
The Evidence Room exhibition, presented by the University of Waterloo lead by Canadian scholar Robert Jan Van Pelt and, is a reconstruction of key architectural elements of Auschwitz that disproved the Holocaust denier David Irving who had sued American scholar Deborah Lipstadt and her publisher for libel.  In her 1994 book Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, Lipstadt counted Irving among Hitler apologists and revisionists seeking to downplay the scale of the Holocaust and the systematic murder of six million European Jews. <br />
<br />
Robert Jan van Pelt served as the expert witness in the trial, and his report became one of the sources of inspiration for the new discipline of architectural forensics, which is located at the intersection of architecture, technology, history, law and human rights.<br />
<br />
The exhibition, which force us to examine architecture used for evil – and designed by architects complicit in crimes against humanity, reconstructs some of those forensic details, including full-scale models of a gas column, a gas door, and a wall section with gas-tight hatch – all of which were shown in court to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Auschwitz was, as Van Pelt says, “a purposefully designed factory of death, equipped with large, homicidal gas chambers and massive incinerators.”
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0224.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: Plaster cast of a gas mask is seen here in The Evidence Room at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
The Evidence Room exhibition, presented by the University of Waterloo lead by Canadian scholar Robert Jan Van Pelt and, is a reconstruction of key architectural elements of Auschwitz that disproved the Holocaust denier David Irving who had sued American scholar Deborah Lipstadt and her publisher for libel.  In her 1994 book Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, Lipstadt counted Irving among Hitler apologists and revisionists seeking to downplay the scale of the Holocaust and the systematic murder of six million European Jews. <br />
<br />
Robert Jan van Pelt served as the expert witness in the trial, and his report became one of the sources of inspiration for the new discipline of architectural forensics, which is located at the intersection of architecture, technology, history, law and human rights.<br />
<br />
The exhibition, which force us to examine architecture used for evil – and designed by architects complicit in crimes against humanity, reconstructs some of those forensic details, including full-scale models of a gas column, a gas door, and a wall section with gas-tight hatch – all of which were shown in court to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Auschwitz was, as Van Pelt says, “a purposefully designed factory of death, equipped with large, homicidal gas chambers and massive incinerators.”
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0221.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: A visitor photographs the palster model of a gastight doow in The Evidence Room at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
The Evidence Room exhibition, presented by the University of Waterloo lead by Canadian scholar Robert Jan Van Pelt and, is a reconstruction of key architectural elements of Auschwitz that disproved the Holocaust denier David Irving who had sued American scholar Deborah Lipstadt and her publisher for libel.  In her 1994 book Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, Lipstadt counted Irving among Hitler apologists and revisionists seeking to downplay the scale of the Holocaust and the systematic murder of six million European Jews. <br />
<br />
Robert Jan van Pelt served as the expert witness in the trial, and his report became one of the sources of inspiration for the new discipline of architectural forensics, which is located at the intersection of architecture, technology, history, law and human rights.<br />
<br />
The exhibition, which force us to examine architecture used for evil – and designed by architects complicit in crimes against humanity, reconstructs some of those forensic details, including full-scale models of a gas column, a gas door, and a wall section with gas-tight hatch – all of which were shown in court to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Auschwitz was, as Van Pelt says, “a purposefully designed factory of death, equipped with large, homicidal gas chambers and massive incinerators.”
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0216.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: Plaster casts of plans, memoirs, drawings and of a gas mask related to Auschwitz are seen here in The Evidence Room at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
The Evidence Room exhibition, presented by the University of Waterloo lead by Canadian scholar Robert Jan Van Pelt and, is a reconstruction of key architectural elements of Auschwitz that disproved the Holocaust denier David Irving who had sued American scholar Deborah Lipstadt and her publisher for libel.  In her 1994 book Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, Lipstadt counted Irving among Hitler apologists and revisionists seeking to downplay the scale of the Holocaust and the systematic murder of six million European Jews. <br />
<br />
Robert Jan van Pelt served as the expert witness in the trial, and his report became one of the sources of inspiration for the new discipline of architectural forensics, which is located at the intersection of architecture, technology, history, law and human rights.<br />
<br />
The exhibition, which force us to examine architecture used for evil – and designed by architects complicit in crimes against humanity, reconstructs some of those forensic details, including full-scale models of a gas column, a gas door, and a wall section with gas-tight hatch – all of which were shown in court to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Auschwitz was, as Van Pelt says, “a purposefully designed factory of death, equipped with large, homicidal gas chambers and massive incinerators.”
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0213.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: Plaster cast of the section of Crematorium 3 of Auschwitz, drawn by David Olère in 1946, is  seen here in The Evidence Room at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
The Evidence Room exhibition, presented by the University of Waterloo lead by Canadian scholar Robert Jan Van Pelt and, is a reconstruction of key architectural elements of Auschwitz that disproved the Holocaust denier David Irving who had sued American scholar Deborah Lipstadt and her publisher for libel.  In her 1994 book Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, Lipstadt counted Irving among Hitler apologists and revisionists seeking to downplay the scale of the Holocaust and the systematic murder of six million European Jews. <br />
<br />
Robert Jan van Pelt served as the expert witness in the trial, and his report became one of the sources of inspiration for the new discipline of architectural forensics, which is located at the intersection of architecture, technology, history, law and human rights.<br />
<br />
The exhibition, which force us to examine architecture used for evil – and designed by architects complicit in crimes against humanity, reconstructs some of those forensic details, including full-scale models of a gas column, a gas door, and a wall section with gas-tight hatch – all of which were shown in court to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Auschwitz was, as Van Pelt says, “a purposefully designed factory of death, equipped with large, homicidal gas chambers and massive incinerators.”
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0203.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: The Evidence Room with plaster forensic details, including full-scale models of (L-R) a gas column, a gas hatch and a gastight door used in Auschwitz, is seen here at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
The Evidence Room exhibition, presented by the University of Waterloo lead by Canadian scholar Robert Jan Van Pelt and, is a reconstruction of key architectural elements of Auschwitz that disproved the Holocaust denier David Irving who had sued American scholar Deborah Lipstadt and her publisher for libel.  In her 1994 book Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, Lipstadt counted Irving among Hitler apologists and revisionists seeking to downplay the scale of the Holocaust and the systematic murder of six million European Jews. <br />
<br />
Robert Jan van Pelt served as the expert witness in the trial, and his report became one of the sources of inspiration for the new discipline of architectural forensics, which is located at the intersection of architecture, technology, history, law and human rights.<br />
<br />
The exhibition, which force us to examine architecture used for evil – and designed by architects complicit in crimes against humanity, reconstructs some of those forensic details, including full-scale models of a gas column, a gas door, and a wall section with gas-tight hatch – all of which were shown in court to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Auschwitz was, as Van Pelt says, “a purposefully designed factory of death, equipped with large, homicidal gas chambers and massive incinerators.”
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0185.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: A visitor photographs the palster model of a gastight doow in The Evidence Room at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
The Evidence Room exhibition, presented by the University of Waterloo lead by Canadian scholar Robert Jan Van Pelt and, is a reconstruction of key architectural elements of Auschwitz that disproved the Holocaust denier David Irving who had sued American scholar Deborah Lipstadt and her publisher for libel.  In her 1994 book Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, Lipstadt counted Irving among Hitler apologists and revisionists seeking to downplay the scale of the Holocaust and the systematic murder of six million European Jews. <br />
<br />
Robert Jan van Pelt served as the expert witness in the trial, and his report became one of the sources of inspiration for the new discipline of architectural forensics, which is located at the intersection of architecture, technology, history, law and human rights.<br />
<br />
The exhibition, which force us to examine architecture used for evil – and designed by architects complicit in crimes against humanity, reconstructs some of those forensic details, including full-scale models of a gas column, a gas door, and a wall section with gas-tight hatch – all of which were shown in court to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Auschwitz was, as Van Pelt says, “a purposefully designed factory of death, equipped with large, homicidal gas chambers and massive incinerators.”
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0177.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: The Evidence Room with plaster forensic details, including full-scale models of (L-R) a gastight door and a gas hatch used in Auschwitz, is seen here at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
The Evidence Room exhibition, presented by the University of Waterloo lead by Canadian scholar Robert Jan Van Pelt and, is a reconstruction of key architectural elements of Auschwitz that disproved the Holocaust denier David Irving who had sued American scholar Deborah Lipstadt and her publisher for libel.  In her 1994 book Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, Lipstadt counted Irving among Hitler apologists and revisionists seeking to downplay the scale of the Holocaust and the systematic murder of six million European Jews. <br />
<br />
Robert Jan van Pelt served as the expert witness in the trial, and his report became one of the sources of inspiration for the new discipline of architectural forensics, which is located at the intersection of architecture, technology, history, law and human rights.<br />
<br />
The exhibition, which force us to examine architecture used for evil – and designed by architects complicit in crimes against humanity, reconstructs some of those forensic details, including full-scale models of a gas column, a gas door, and a wall section with gas-tight hatch – all of which were shown in court to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Auschwitz was, as Van Pelt says, “a purposefully designed factory of death, equipped with large, homicidal gas chambers and massive incinerators.”
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0175.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: The Evidence Room with plaster forensic details, including full-scale models of (L-R) a gas column, a gas hatch and a gastight door used in Auschwitz, is seen here at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
The Evidence Room exhibition, presented by the University of Waterloo lead by Canadian scholar Robert Jan Van Pelt and, is a reconstruction of key architectural elements of Auschwitz that disproved the Holocaust denier David Irving who had sued American scholar Deborah Lipstadt and her publisher for libel.  In her 1994 book Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, Lipstadt counted Irving among Hitler apologists and revisionists seeking to downplay the scale of the Holocaust and the systematic murder of six million European Jews. <br />
<br />
Robert Jan van Pelt served as the expert witness in the trial, and his report became one of the sources of inspiration for the new discipline of architectural forensics, which is located at the intersection of architecture, technology, history, law and human rights.<br />
<br />
The exhibition, which force us to examine architecture used for evil – and designed by architects complicit in crimes against humanity, reconstructs some of those forensic details, including full-scale models of a gas column, a gas door, and a wall section with gas-tight hatch – all of which were shown in court to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Auschwitz was, as Van Pelt says, “a purposefully designed factory of death, equipped with large, homicidal gas chambers and massive incinerators.”
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0172.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: A visitor is here in The Evidence Room at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
The Evidence Room exhibition, presented by the University of Waterloo lead by Canadian scholar Robert Jan Van Pelt and, is a reconstruction of key architectural elements of Auschwitz that disproved the Holocaust denier David Irving who had sued American scholar Deborah Lipstadt and her publisher for libel.  In her 1994 book Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, Lipstadt counted Irving among Hitler apologists and revisionists seeking to downplay the scale of the Holocaust and the systematic murder of six million European Jews. <br />
<br />
Robert Jan van Pelt served as the expert witness in the trial, and his report became one of the sources of inspiration for the new discipline of architectural forensics, which is located at the intersection of architecture, technology, history, law and human rights.<br />
<br />
The exhibition, which force us to examine architecture used for evil – and designed by architects complicit in crimes against humanity, reconstructs some of those forensic details, including full-scale models of a gas column, a gas door, and a wall section with gas-tight hatch – all of which were shown in court to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Auschwitz was, as Van Pelt says, “a purposefully designed factory of death, equipped with large, homicidal gas chambers and massive incinerators.”
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0168.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: Plaster cast of the plan of Crematorium 3 of Auschwitz, drawn by David Olère in 1945, is  seen here in The Evidence Room at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
The Evidence Room exhibition, presented by the University of Waterloo lead by Canadian scholar Robert Jan Van Pelt and, is a reconstruction of key architectural elements of Auschwitz that disproved the Holocaust denier David Irving who had sued American scholar Deborah Lipstadt and her publisher for libel.  In her 1994 book Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, Lipstadt counted Irving among Hitler apologists and revisionists seeking to downplay the scale of the Holocaust and the systematic murder of six million European Jews. <br />
<br />
Robert Jan van Pelt served as the expert witness in the trial, and his report became one of the sources of inspiration for the new discipline of architectural forensics, which is located at the intersection of architecture, technology, history, law and human rights.<br />
<br />
The exhibition, which force us to examine architecture used for evil – and designed by architects complicit in crimes against humanity, reconstructs some of those forensic details, including full-scale models of a gas column, a gas door, and a wall section with gas-tight hatch – all of which were shown in court to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Auschwitz was, as Van Pelt says, “a purposefully designed factory of death, equipped with large, homicidal gas chambers and massive incinerators.”
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0167.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: The plaster cast of David Olère's drawing of the undressing room of Crematorium 3 of Auschwitz, is seen here in The Evidence Room at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
The Evidence Room exhibition, presented by the University of Waterloo lead by Canadian scholar Robert Jan Van Pelt and, is a reconstruction of key architectural elements of Auschwitz that disproved the Holocaust denier David Irving who had sued American scholar Deborah Lipstadt and her publisher for libel.  In her 1994 book Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, Lipstadt counted Irving among Hitler apologists and revisionists seeking to downplay the scale of the Holocaust and the systematic murder of six million European Jews. <br />
<br />
Robert Jan van Pelt served as the expert witness in the trial, and his report became one of the sources of inspiration for the new discipline of architectural forensics, which is located at the intersection of architecture, technology, history, law and human rights.<br />
<br />
The exhibition, which force us to examine architecture used for evil – and designed by architects complicit in crimes against humanity, reconstructs some of those forensic details, including full-scale models of a gas column, a gas door, and a wall section with gas-tight hatch – all of which were shown in court to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Auschwitz was, as Van Pelt says, “a purposefully designed factory of death, equipped with large, homicidal gas chambers and massive incinerators.”
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0163.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: A visitor steps out of The Evidence Room at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
The Evidence Room exhibition, presented by the University of Waterloo lead by Canadian scholar Robert Jan Van Pelt and, is a reconstruction of key architectural elements of Auschwitz that disproved the Holocaust denier David Irving who had sued American scholar Deborah Lipstadt and her publisher for libel.  In her 1994 book Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, Lipstadt counted Irving among Hitler apologists and revisionists seeking to downplay the scale of the Holocaust and the systematic murder of six million European Jews. <br />
<br />
Robert Jan van Pelt served as the expert witness in the trial, and his report became one of the sources of inspiration for the new discipline of architectural forensics, which is located at the intersection of architecture, technology, history, law and human rights.<br />
<br />
The exhibition, which force us to examine architecture used for evil – and designed by architects complicit in crimes against humanity, reconstructs some of those forensic details, including full-scale models of a gas column, a gas door, and a wall section with gas-tight hatch – all of which were shown in court to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Auschwitz was, as Van Pelt says, “a purposefully designed factory of death, equipped with large, homicidal gas chambers and massive incinerators.”
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0143.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: The Evidence Room with plaster forensic details, including full-scale models of (L-R) a gastight door (front and back) and a gas column used in Auschwitz, is seen here at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
The Evidence Room exhibition, presented by the University of Waterloo lead by Canadian scholar Robert Jan Van Pelt and, is a reconstruction of key architectural elements of Auschwitz that disproved the Holocaust denier David Irving who had sued American scholar Deborah Lipstadt and her publisher for libel.  In her 1994 book Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, Lipstadt counted Irving among Hitler apologists and revisionists seeking to downplay the scale of the Holocaust and the systematic murder of six million European Jews. <br />
<br />
Robert Jan van Pelt served as the expert witness in the trial, and his report became one of the sources of inspiration for the new discipline of architectural forensics, which is located at the intersection of architecture, technology, history, law and human rights.<br />
<br />
The exhibition, which force us to examine architecture used for evil – and designed by architects complicit in crimes against humanity, reconstructs some of those forensic details, including full-scale models of a gas column, a gas door, and a wall section with gas-tight hatch – all of which were shown in court to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Auschwitz was, as Van Pelt says, “a purposefully designed factory of death, equipped with large, homicidal gas chambers and massive incinerators.”
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0139.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: Plater cast of Vrba amd Wetzler's plan of a crematorium is seen here in The Evidence Room at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
The Evidence Room exhibition, presented by the University of Waterloo lead by Canadian scholar Robert Jan Van Pelt and, is a reconstruction of key architectural elements of Auschwitz that disproved the Holocaust denier David Irving who had sued American scholar Deborah Lipstadt and her publisher for libel.  In her 1994 book Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, Lipstadt counted Irving among Hitler apologists and revisionists seeking to downplay the scale of the Holocaust and the systematic murder of six million European Jews. <br />
<br />
Robert Jan van Pelt served as the expert witness in the trial, and his report became one of the sources of inspiration for the new discipline of architectural forensics, which is located at the intersection of architecture, technology, history, law and human rights.<br />
<br />
The exhibition, which force us to examine architecture used for evil – and designed by architects complicit in crimes against humanity, reconstructs some of those forensic details, including full-scale models of a gas column, a gas door, and a wall section with gas-tight hatch – all of which were shown in court to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Auschwitz was, as Van Pelt says, “a purposefully designed factory of death, equipped with large, homicidal gas chambers and massive incinerators.”
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0092.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: The full-scale plaster model of a hemispherical grid protecting the peephole on the inside of a gastight door, found by soldiers of the Red Army in Auschwitz in 1945, is seen here in The Evidence Room at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
The Evidence Room exhibition, presented by the University of Waterloo lead by Canadian scholar Robert Jan Van Pelt and, is a reconstruction of key architectural elements of Auschwitz that disproved the Holocaust denier David Irving who had sued American scholar Deborah Lipstadt and her publisher for libel.  In her 1994 book Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, Lipstadt counted Irving among Hitler apologists and revisionists seeking to downplay the scale of the Holocaust and the systematic murder of six million European Jews. <br />
<br />
Robert Jan van Pelt served as the expert witness in the trial, and his report became one of the sources of inspiration for the new discipline of architectural forensics, which is located at the intersection of architecture, technology, history, law and human rights.<br />
<br />
The exhibition, which force us to examine architecture used for evil – and designed by architects complicit in crimes against humanity, reconstructs some of those forensic details, including full-scale models of a gas column, a gas door, and a wall section with gas-tight hatch – all of which were shown in court to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Auschwitz was, as Van Pelt says, “a purposefully designed factory of death, equipped with large, homicidal gas chambers and massive incinerators.”
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0085.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: Full-scale plaster models of Zyklon pellets in a gas column used in Auschwitz are seen here in The Evidence Room at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
The Evidence Room exhibition, presented by the University of Waterloo lead by Canadian scholar Robert Jan Van Pelt and, is a reconstruction of key architectural elements of Auschwitz that disproved the Holocaust denier David Irving who had sued American scholar Deborah Lipstadt and her publisher for libel.  In her 1994 book Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, Lipstadt counted Irving among Hitler apologists and revisionists seeking to downplay the scale of the Holocaust and the systematic murder of six million European Jews. <br />
<br />
Robert Jan van Pelt served as the expert witness in the trial, and his report became one of the sources of inspiration for the new discipline of architectural forensics, which is located at the intersection of architecture, technology, history, law and human rights.<br />
<br />
The exhibition, which force us to examine architecture used for evil – and designed by architects complicit in crimes against humanity, reconstructs some of those forensic details, including full-scale models of a gas column, a gas door, and a wall section with gas-tight hatch – all of which were shown in court to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Auschwitz was, as Van Pelt says, “a purposefully designed factory of death, equipped with large, homicidal gas chambers and massive incinerators.”
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0072.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: The Evidence Room with plaster forensic details, including the full-scale model of a gas hatch (center) used in Auschwitz, is seen here at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
The Evidence Room exhibition, presented by the University of Waterloo lead by Canadian scholar Robert Jan Van Pelt and, is a reconstruction of key architectural elements of Auschwitz that disproved the Holocaust denier David Irving who had sued American scholar Deborah Lipstadt and her publisher for libel.  In her 1994 book Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, Lipstadt counted Irving among Hitler apologists and revisionists seeking to downplay the scale of the Holocaust and the systematic murder of six million European Jews. <br />
<br />
Robert Jan van Pelt served as the expert witness in the trial, and his report became one of the sources of inspiration for the new discipline of architectural forensics, which is located at the intersection of architecture, technology, history, law and human rights.<br />
<br />
The exhibition, which force us to examine architecture used for evil – and designed by architects complicit in crimes against humanity, reconstructs some of those forensic details, including full-scale models of a gas column, a gas door, and a wall section with gas-tight hatch – all of which were shown in court to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Auschwitz was, as Van Pelt says, “a purposefully designed factory of death, equipped with large, homicidal gas chambers and massive incinerators.”
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0056.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: The Evidence Room with plaster forensic details, including the full-scale model of a gas hatch (left) used in Auschwitz, is seen here at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
The Evidence Room exhibition, presented by the University of Waterloo lead by Canadian scholar Robert Jan Van Pelt and, is a reconstruction of key architectural elements of Auschwitz that disproved the Holocaust denier David Irving who had sued American scholar Deborah Lipstadt and her publisher for libel.  In her 1994 book Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, Lipstadt counted Irving among Hitler apologists and revisionists seeking to downplay the scale of the Holocaust and the systematic murder of six million European Jews. <br />
<br />
Robert Jan van Pelt served as the expert witness in the trial, and his report became one of the sources of inspiration for the new discipline of architectural forensics, which is located at the intersection of architecture, technology, history, law and human rights.<br />
<br />
The exhibition, which force us to examine architecture used for evil – and designed by architects complicit in crimes against humanity, reconstructs some of those forensic details, including full-scale models of a gas column, a gas door, and a wall section with gas-tight hatch – all of which were shown in court to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Auschwitz was, as Van Pelt says, “a purposefully designed factory of death, equipped with large, homicidal gas chambers and massive incinerators.”
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0048.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: The Evidence Room with plaster forensic details, including full-scale models of (L-R) a gas column, a gas hatch and a gastight door used in Auschwitz, is seen here at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
The Evidence Room exhibition, presented by the University of Waterloo lead by Canadian scholar Robert Jan Van Pelt and, is a reconstruction of key architectural elements of Auschwitz that disproved the Holocaust denier David Irving who had sued American scholar Deborah Lipstadt and her publisher for libel.  In her 1994 book Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, Lipstadt counted Irving among Hitler apologists and revisionists seeking to downplay the scale of the Holocaust and the systematic murder of six million European Jews. <br />
<br />
Robert Jan van Pelt served as the expert witness in the trial, and his report became one of the sources of inspiration for the new discipline of architectural forensics, which is located at the intersection of architecture, technology, history, law and human rights.<br />
<br />
The exhibition, which force us to examine architecture used for evil – and designed by architects complicit in crimes against humanity, reconstructs some of those forensic details, including full-scale models of a gas column, a gas door, and a wall section with gas-tight hatch – all of which were shown in court to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Auschwitz was, as Van Pelt says, “a purposefully designed factory of death, equipped with large, homicidal gas chambers and massive incinerators.”
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0039.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: The Case 3 study on Israel's 2014 attack on Rafah, Gaza, is shown here on a lightbox in the exhibition presented by Forensic Architecture at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016. The team analysed video footage from social media of Israeli military attacks on Gaza in 2014 to prove the army was using one-tonne bombs in heavily populated residential areas, resulting in high civilian casualties. By overlaying images of bomb clouds from multiple viewpoints, they generated a 3D model and triangulated the exact location of the strike.<br />
<br />
Forensic Architecture is a reaearch agency based in London. It engages with the production and presentation of spatial evidence in the context of human rights violations, armed conflict and political struggles. Composed of architects, artists, filmmakers, journalists, lawyers and scientists, it uses architectural analysis, models and animations to construct evidence files for international prosecutors, truth commissions, human rights investigations and UN enquiries.<br />
<br />
In its exhibition Forensic Architecture presents from four recent investigations. Undertaken at different scales, these cases extend from the micro-analysis  of a single ruin from a drone strike in Miranshah, Pakistan, to the urban analysis of the city of Rafah in Gaza under Israeli attack; the death of refugees and migrants in the Mediterrannean Sea to the environmental violence along the shifting climatic frontiers of desertification and deforestations.
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0346.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: Visitors looks at the full-scale mock-up of a room bombed-out from a US army drone strike in Pakistan,  with strings extending from the shrapnel pock-marks in the walls back into the centre of the room to determine the point of explosion of the bomb, in the exhibition presented by Forensic Architecture at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016. The model proves the damage was the result of an “architectural missile”, capable of being detonated on a specific floor of a building, while the “shadows” – where there are no shrapnel marks (marked here in red) – denote the locations of the victims killed in the attack.<br />
<br />
Forensic Architecture is a reaearch agency based in London. It engages with the production and presentation of spatial evidence in the context of human rights violations, armed conflict and political struggles. Composed of architects, artists, filmmakers, journalists, lawyers and scientists, it uses architectural analysis, models and animations to construct evidence files for international prosecutors, truth commissions, human rights investigations and UN enquiries.<br />
<br />
In its exhibition Forensic Architecture presents from four recent investigations. Undertaken at different scales, these cases extend from the micro-analysis  of a single ruin from a drone strike in Miranshah, Pakistan, to the urban analysis of the city of Rafah in Gaza under Israeli attack; the death of refugees and migrants in the Mediterrannean Sea to the environmental violence along the shifting climatic frontiers of desertification and deforestations.
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0309.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: Plaster models of Renato Rizzi's "Orphan Ground" exhition are here at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
Rizzi says: "The four projects in section show us, beyond the concrete needs, the internal movements of invisible powers. The 118 models [of this exhibition] hang on the wall to show us how the matter is the aspiration to soul and vice versa.
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0248.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: Plaster casts hang on a wall in Renato Rizzi's "Orphan Ground" exhition are here at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
Rizzi says: "The four projects in section show us, beyond the concrete needs, the internal movements of invisible powers. The 118 models [of this exhibition] hang on the wall to show us how the matter is the aspiration to soul and vice versa.
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0276.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: The plaster model of the city of Parma is here in Renato Rizzi's "Orphan Ground" exhition at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
Rizzi says: "The four projects in section show us, beyond the concrete needs, the internal movements of invisible powers. The 118 models [of this exhibition] hang on the wall to show us how the matter is the aspiration to soul and vice versa.
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0252.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: A visitor photographs the plaster models of Renato Rizzi's "Orphan Ground" exhition are here at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
Rizzi says: "The four projects in section show us, beyond the concrete needs, the internal movements of invisible powers. The 118 models [of this exhibition] hang on the wall to show us how the matter is the aspiration to soul and vice versa.
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0239.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: A visitor looks at the plaster models of Renato Rizzi's "Orphan Ground" exhition are here at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
Rizzi says: "The four projects in section show us, beyond the concrete needs, the internal movements of invisible powers. The 118 models [of this exhibition] hang on the wall to show us how the matter is the aspiration to soul and vice versa.
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0233.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: Plaster models of Renato Rizzi's "Orphan Ground" exhition are here at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
Rizzi says: "The four projects in section show us, beyond the concrete needs, the internal movements of invisible powers. The 118 models [of this exhibition] hang on the wall to show us how the matter is the aspiration to soul and vice versa.
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0272.jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 4 JUNE 2016: A visitor photographs the plaster models of Renato Rizzi's "Orphan Ground" exhition are here at the 15th Venice Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy, on June 4th 2016.<br />
<br />
Rizzi says: "The four projects in section show us, beyond the concrete needs, the internal movements of invisible powers. The 118 models [of this exhibition] hang on the wall to show us how the matter is the aspiration to soul and vice versa.
    CIPG_20160604_NYT-Evidence_M3_0241.jpg
  • ROME, ITALY - 9 DECEMBER 2016: The nativity scene by Italian architect and sculptor Arnolfo di Cambio (1240-1300 AD), is seen here in the Basilica of Saint Mary Major in Rome, Italy, on December 9th 2016.<br />
<br />
Arnolfo Di Cambio's nativity scene is the first one sculpted in history. It was commissioned by Nicolas IV, the first Franciscan Pontiff, probably inspired by Saint Frances who set up in Greccio, Italy, the first living nativity scene on Christmas Eve 1223.<br />
The Nativity was sculpted in around the year 1291 to honor the relics of the Holy Crib - the boards of the manger in which Jesus was placed on Christmas night - which were brought from the Holy Land in the VII century AD and which are still inside the crypt under the central altar.<br />
<br />
For at least two centuries, churches in Rome have attracted visitors by setting up elaborate Nativity scenes, often with moving parts, flying comets and running water, thus leading to a nativity scene tourism in the Italian capital.
    CIPG_20161209_NYT-Nativity__M3_7882.jpg
  • 4 May, 2012. Palermo, Italy The pawn room of the ex Savings Bank located in Palazzo Branciforte was kept in its original configuration after the restauration by architect Gae Aulenti. # 4 maggio 2012. Palermo, Italia. Il Monte dei Pegni, con sede in passato nel Palazzo Branciforte, è stato restaurato mantenendo la sua configurazione originale dopo  il restauro dell'architetto Gae Aulenti.
    CIPG_20120504_ESPRESSO_Branciforte__...jpg
  • ROME, ITALY - 25 SEPTEMBER 2022:  Viviana Verticchio (38, architect) poses for a portrait after casting a blank ballot, here next to the polling station and in front of the Square Colosseum, an example of fascist architecture in the EUR district, the same district where Giorgia Meloni will cast her vote for the 2022 Italian general election, in Rome, Italy, on September 25th 2022.<br />
<br />
Italians began casting their votes on Sunday in what is being dubbed as a crucial election, as the far right, lead by Giorgia Meloni, eyes a historic victory<br />
<br />
On Sunday September 25th 2022 people aged 18 and above are voting for lawmakers in both the lower house Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, the upper house of parliament.<br />
<br />
The general election was triggered by outgoing Prime Minister Mario Draghi's resignation in July when the populist 5-Star Movement  — one of the several parties in Draghi's marquee coalition, which included leftists, right-wing and centrist parties —  decided to withdraw its support for the prime minister's economic aid decree.
    CIPG_20220925_NYT-Italy-Elections_A7...jpg
  • ROME, ITALY - 25 SEPTEMBER 2022:  Viviana Verticchio (38, architect) poses for a portrait after casting a blank ballot, here next to the polling station and in front of the Square Colosseum, an example of fascist architecture in the EUR district, the same district where Giorgia Meloni will cast her vote for the 2022 Italian general election, in Rome, Italy, on September 25th 2022.<br />
<br />
Italians began casting their votes on Sunday in what is being dubbed as a crucial election, as the far right, lead by Giorgia Meloni, eyes a historic victory<br />
<br />
On Sunday September 25th 2022 people aged 18 and above are voting for lawmakers in both the lower house Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, the upper house of parliament.<br />
<br />
The general election was triggered by outgoing Prime Minister Mario Draghi's resignation in July when the populist 5-Star Movement  — one of the several parties in Draghi's marquee coalition, which included leftists, right-wing and centrist parties —  decided to withdraw its support for the prime minister's economic aid decree.
    CIPG_20220925_NYT-Italy-Elections_A7...jpg
  • PALERMO, ITALY - 8 MARCH 2017: (L-R) Architect and designer Carmela Dacchille, founder of Edizioni Precarie, and her coworker Giulia Basile, are seen here at work at the Edizioni Precarie workshop, which recovers paper, formerly used to wrap food in the historical markets of the city, to make notebooks for expressing thoughts, in Palermo, Italy, on March 8th 2017.
    CIPG_20170308_TOURING-Palermo__M3_20...jpg
  • VENICE, ITALY - 1 MAY 2017: Christine Macel (49, center), curator of the 57th International Art Exhibition - titled VIVA ARTE VIVA - organized by La Biennale di Venezia, walks together with an architect and an assistant in the Giardino delle Vergini (one of the exhibition venues at the Arsenale) in Venice, Italy, on May 1st 2017.<br />
<br />
The 57th International Art Exhibition, titled VIVA ARTE VIVA and curated by Christine Macel, is organized by La Biennale di Venezia chaired by Paolo Baratta. VIVA ARTE VIVA will unfold over the course of nine chapters or families of artists, beginning with two introductory realms in the Central Pavilion, followed by another seven across the Arsenale through the Giardino delle Vergini. 120 are the invited artists from 51 countries; 103 of these are participating for the first time. <br />
<br />
The Exhibition will also include 85 National Participations in the historic Pavilions at the Giardini, at the Arsenale and in the historic city centre of Venice. 3 countries will be participating for the first time: Antigua and Barbuda, Kiribati, Nigeria.
    CIPG_20170501_NYT_ChristineMacel__M3...jpg
  • ROME, ITALY - 9 DECEMBER 2016: The nativity scene by Italian architect and sculptor Arnolfo di Cambio (1240-1300 AD), is seen here in the Basilica of Saint Mary Major in Rome, Italy, on December 9th 2016.<br />
<br />
Arnolfo Di Cambio's nativity scene is the first one sculpted in history. It was commissioned by Nicolas IV, the first Franciscan Pontiff, probably inspired by Saint Frances who set up in Greccio, Italy, the first living nativity scene on Christmas Eve 1223.<br />
The Nativity was sculpted in around the year 1291 to honor the relics of the Holy Crib - the boards of the manger in which Jesus was placed on Christmas night - which were brought from the Holy Land in the VII century AD and which are still inside the crypt under the central altar.<br />
<br />
For at least two centuries, churches in Rome have attracted visitors by setting up elaborate Nativity scenes, often with moving parts, flying comets and running water, thus leading to a nativity scene tourism in the Italian capital.
    CIPG_20161209_NYT-Nativity__M3_7889.jpg
  • ROME, ITALY - 9 DECEMBER 2016: The nativity scene by Italian architect and sculptor Arnolfo di Cambio (1240-1300 AD), is seen here in the Basilica of Saint Mary Major in Rome, Italy, on December 9th 2016.<br />
<br />
Arnolfo Di Cambio's nativity scene is the first one sculpted in history. It was commissioned by Nicolas IV, the first Franciscan Pontiff, probably inspired by Saint Frances who set up in Greccio, Italy, the first living nativity scene on Christmas Eve 1223.<br />
The Nativity was sculpted in around the year 1291 to honor the relics of the Holy Crib - the boards of the manger in which Jesus was placed on Christmas night - which were brought from the Holy Land in the VII century AD and which are still inside the crypt under the central altar.<br />
<br />
For at least two centuries, churches in Rome have attracted visitors by setting up elaborate Nativity scenes, often with moving parts, flying comets and running water, thus leading to a nativity scene tourism in the Italian capital.
    CIPG_20161209_NYT-Nativity__M3_7856.jpg
  • 4 May, 2012. Palermo, Italy The pawn room of the ex Savings Bank located in Palazzo Branciforte was kept in its original configuration after the restauration by architect Gae Aulenti. # 4 maggio 2012. Palermo, Italia. Il Monte dei Pegni, con sede in passato nel Palazzo Branciforte, Ë stato restaurato mantenendo la sua configurazione originale dopo  il restauro dell'architetto Gae Aulenti.
    CIPG_20120504_ESPRESSO_Branciforte__...jpg
  • 13 May 2012, Palermo. Michelangelo Pavia, a 33 years old architect, walks in the streets of the Kalsa, the historical arab district of Palermo, Italy. Michelange,o, originally from Corsico (Milan), arrived in Palermo in 2010. ### 13 maggio 2012, Palermo. Michelange Pavia, un architetto di 33 anni, cammina per le strade della Kalsa, lo storico quartiere arabo di Palermo. Michelangelo, originario di Corsico (MI), è arrivato a Palermo nel 2010.
    CIPG_20120513_D-REPUBBLICA_Immigrati...jpg
  • 13 May 2012, Palermo. Michelangelo Pavia, a 33 years old architect, poses at neu [nòi], a coworking space he co-founded at the Kalsa, the historical arab district of Palermo, Italy. Michelange,o, originally from Corsico (Milan), arrived in Palermo in 2010. ### 13 maggio 2012, Palermo. Michelange Pavia, un architetto di 33 anni, posa alla neu [nòi], uno spazio coworking che ha cofondato alla Kalsa, lo storico quartiere arabo di Palermo. Michelangelo, originario di Corsico (MI), è arrivato a Palermo nel 2010.
    CIPG_20120513_D-REPUBBLICA_Immigrati...jpg
  • 4 May, 2012. Palermo, Italy. Loggia of Palazzo Branciforte after its restauration by architect Gae Aulenti. # 4 maggio 2012. Palermo, Italia. Il loggiato di Palazzo Branciforte dopo il restauro dell'architetto Gae Aulenti.
    CIPG_20120504_ESPRESSO_Branciforte__...jpg
  • 4 May, 2012. Palermo, Italy. Loggia of Palazzo Branciforte after its restauration by architect Gae Aulenti. # 4 maggio 2012. Palermo, Italia. Il loggiato di Palazzo Branciforte dopo il restauro dell'architetto Gae Aulenti.
    CIPG_20120504_ESPRESSO_Branciforte__...jpg
  • 4 May, 2012. Palermo, Italy. 1935 statues of Mercury and Diana Huntress by Sicilian sculptor Nino Geraci in the library of Palazzo Branciforte after its restauration by architect Gae Aulenti. # 4 maggio 2012. Palermo, Italia. Statue di Mercurio e Diana Cacciatrice realizzate nel 1935 dallo scultore siciliano Nino Geraci si trovano nella biblioteca di Palazzo Branciforte dopo il restauro dell'architetto Gae Aulenti.
    CIPG_20120504_ESPRESSO_Branciforte__...jpg
  • 4 May, 2012. Palermo, Italy. 1935 statues of Mercury and Diana Huntress by Sicilian sculptor Nino Geraci in the library of Palazzo Branciforte after its restauration by architect Gae Aulenti. # 4 maggio 2012. Palermo, Italia. Statue di Mercurio e Diana Cacciatrice realizzate nel 1935 dallo scultore siciliano Nino Geraci si trovano nella biblioteca di Palazzo Branciforte dopo il restauro dell'architetto Gae Aulenti.
    CIPG_20120504_ESPRESSO_Branciforte__...jpg
  • 4 May, 2012. Palermo, Italy Shelves in the pawn room of the ex Savings Bank, located in Palazzo Branciforte, which was kept in its original configuration after the restauration by architect Gae Aulenti. # 4 maggio 2012. Palermo, Italia. Scaffali nell'ex Monte dei Pegni, con sede in passato nel Palazzo Branciforte, il quale è stato restaurato mantenendo la sua configurazione originale dopo  il restauro dell'architetto Gae Aulenti.
    CIPG_20120504_ESPRESSO_Branciforte__...jpg
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